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Richard Buxton

TitleRecall Hcomp
InstitutionUniversity of California San Diego
DepartmentRadiology
Address9500 Gilman Drive #0677
La Jolla CA 92093
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    Harvard/MGHPostdoc1983Radiology
    Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPh.D.1981Physics
    Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyB.S.1976Physics
    Collapse Awards and Honors
    International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine2010Elected a Fellow
    Gordon Research Conference on In Vivo Magnetic Resonance2006Chair
    Oxford University 2005Litchfield Lecturer

    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse Overview
    Dr. Buxton is a physicist working in the field of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). His primary work focuses on understanding the connections between neural activity, blood flow and energy metabolism in the human brain. Experimental work combines arterial spin labeling (ASL) methods with blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) methods to estimate changes in brain oxygen metabolism in response to a stimulus or a drug. More theoretical work involves mathematical modeling of the imaging methods, the BOLD effect, and oxygen transport from blood to tissue. In addition to his research on the brain, he collaborates with pulmonary researchers in the Pulmonary Imaging Lab, working on the application of ASL methods to measure dynamic blood flow changes in the lung. Dr. Buxton is based at the Center for Functional MRI, and served as the Center’s founding Director (2000-2007). He has written a textbook on fMRI, now in its second edition, published by Cambridge University Press (2009).


    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Defining Neurovascular Coupling Variability Using Quantitative Functional MRI
    NIH/NIMH R21MH112969Jul 24, 2018 - May 31, 2020
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    Dynamics of oxygen metabolism in the human brain
    NIH/NINDS R21NS085478Jun 1, 2014 - May 31, 2016
    Role: Principal Investigator
    A New Approach for Quantitative fMRI
    NIH/NINDS R21NS081405Sep 1, 2012 - Aug 31, 2014
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Blood Flow in the Normal Human Lung
    NIH/NHLBI R01HL104118Apr 1, 2011 - Mar 31, 2015
    Role: Principal Investigator
    The Hemodynamic Response to Brain Activation
    NIH/NINDS R01NS042069Sep 30, 2002 - Aug 31, 2007
    Role: Principal Investigator
    The Physiological Basis of Functional MRI
    NIH/NINDS R01NS036722Feb 20, 1998 - Apr 30, 2018
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
    List All   |   Timeline
    1. Sakadžic S, Yaseen MA, Jaswal R, Roussakis E, Dale AM, Buxton R, Vinogradov SA, Boas DA, Devor A. Two-photon microscopy measurement of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen using periarteriolar oxygen concentration gradients. Neurophotonics. 2016 Oct; 3(4):045005. PMID: 27774493.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Gagnon L, Sakadžic S, Lesage F, Pouliot P, Dale AM, Devor A, Buxton R, Boas DA. Validation and optimization of hypercapnic-calibrated fMRI from oxygen-sensitive two-photon microscopy. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2016 Oct 05; 371(1705). PMID: 27574311; PMCID: PMC5003859 [Available on 10/05/17].
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    3. Uhlirova H, Kiliç K, Tian P, Sakadžic S, Gagnon L, Thunemann M, Desjardins M, Saisan PA, Nizar K, Yaseen MA, Hagler DJ, Vandenberghe M, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Silva GA, Masliah E, Kleinfeld D, Vinogradov S, Buxton R, Einevoll GT, Boas DA, Dale AM, Devor A. The roadmap for estimation of cell-type-specific neuronal activity from non-invasive measurements. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2016 Oct 05; 371(1705). PMID: 27574309; PMCID: PMC5003857 [Available on 10/05/17].
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    4. Uhlirova H, Kiliç K, Tian P, Thunemann M, Desjardins M, Saisan PA, Sakadžic S, Ness TV, Mateo C, Cheng Q, Weldy KL, Razoux F, Vandenberghe M, Cremonesi JA, Ferri CG, Nizar K, Sridhar VB, Steed TC, Abashin M, Fainman Y, Masliah E, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Silva GA, Boas DA, Kleinfeld D, Buxton R, Einevoll GT, Dale AM, Devor A. Cell type specificity of neurovascular coupling in cerebral cortex. Elife. 2016 05 31; 5. PMID: 27244241; PMCID: PMC4933561.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    5. Merola A, Murphy K, Stone AJ, Germuska MA, Griffeth VEM, Blockley NP, Buxton R, Wise RG. Measurement of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF): An optimized BOLD signal model for use with hypercapnic and hyperoxic calibration. Neuroimage. 2016 Apr 01; 129:159-174. PMID: 26801605.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Simon AB, Dubowitz DJ, Blockley NP, Buxton R. A novel Bayesian approach to accounting for uncertainty in fMRI-derived estimates of cerebral oxygen metabolism fluctuations. Neuroimage. 2016 Apr 01; 129:198-213. PMID: 26790354; PMCID: PMC4830424 [Available on 04/01/17].
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    7. Buxton R. Beyond BOLD correlations: A more quantitative approach for investigating brain networks. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2016 Mar; 36(3):461-2. PMID: 26661228; PMCID: PMC4794101 [Available on 03/01/17].
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    8. Wang K, Smith ZM, Buxton R, Swenson ER, Dubowitz DJ. Acetazolamide during acute hypoxia improves tissue oxygenation in the human brain. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2015 Dec 15; 119(12):1494-500. PMID: 26472861; PMCID: PMC4683345 [Available on 12/15/16].
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    9. Guo J, Buxton R, Wong EC. Wedge-shaped slice-selective adiabatic inversion pulse for controlling temporal width of bolus in pulsed arterial spin labeling. Magn Reson Med. 2016 09; 76(3):838-47. PMID: 26451521.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Walker SC, Asadi AK, Hopkins SR, Buxton R, Prisk GK. A statistical clustering approach to discriminating perfusion from conduit vessel signal contributions in a pulmonary ASL MR image. NMR Biomed. 2015 Sep; 28(9):1117-24. PMID: 26182890; PMCID: PMC4537803.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    11. Bischoff-Grethe A, Buxton R, Paulus MP, Fleisher AS, Yang TT, Brown GG. Striatal and Pallidal Activation during Reward Modulated Movement Using a Translational Paradigm. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2015 Jul; 21(6):399-411. PMID: 26156687; PMCID: PMC4668805.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    12. Simon AB, Buxton R. Understanding the dynamic relationship between cerebral blood flow and the BOLD signal: Implications for quantitative functional MRI. Neuroimage. 2015 Aug 01; 116:158-67. PMID: 25862267; PMCID: PMC4468003.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    13. Gagnon L, Sakadžic S, Lesage F, Musacchia JJ, Lefebvre J, Fang Q, Yücel MA, Evans KC, Mandeville ET, Cohen-Adad J, Polimeni JR, Yaseen MA, Lo EH, Greve DN, Buxton R, Dale AM, Devor A, Boas DA. Quantifying the microvascular origin of BOLD-fMRI from first principles with two-photon microscopy and an oxygen-sensitive nanoprobe. J Neurosci. 2015 Feb 25; 35(8):3663-75. PMID: 25716864; PMCID: PMC4339366.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    14. Asadi AK, Sá RC, Kim NH, Theilmann RJ, Hopkins SR, Buxton R, Prisk GK. Inhaled nitric oxide alters the distribution of blood flow in the healthy human lung, suggesting active hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in normoxia. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2015 Feb 01; 118(3):331-43. PMID: 25429099; PMCID: PMC4312852.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    15. Blockley NP, Griffeth VE, Simon AB, Dubowitz DJ, Buxton R. Calibrating the BOLD response without administering gases: comparison of hypercapnia calibration with calibration using an asymmetric spin echo. Neuroimage. 2015 Jan 01; 104:423-9. PMID: 25451475; PMCID: PMC4803316.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    16. Griffeth VE, Simon AB, Buxton R. The coupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism with brain activation is similar for simple and complex stimuli in human primary visual cortex. Neuroimage. 2015 Jan 01; 104:156-62. PMID: 25312771; PMCID: PMC4361075.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    17. Bracko O, Di Pietro V, Lazzarino G, Amorini AM, Tavazzi B, Artmann J, Wong EC, Buxton R, Weller M, Luft AR, Wegener S. 3-Nitropropionic acid-induced ischemia tolerance in the rat brain is mediated by reduced metabolic activity and cerebral blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014 Sep; 34(9):1522-30. PMID: 24938399; PMCID: PMC4158668.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    18. Buxton R, Griffeth VE, Simon AB, Moradi F, Shmuel A. Variability of the coupling of blood flow and oxygen metabolism responses in the brain: a problem for interpreting BOLD studies but potentially a new window on the underlying neural activity. Front Neurosci. 2014; 8:139. PMID: 24966808; PMCID: PMC4052822.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    19. Devor A, Bandettini PA, Boas DA, Bower JM, Buxton R, Cohen LB, Dale AM, Einevoll GT, Fox PT, Franceschini MA, Friston KJ, Fujimoto JG, Geyer MA, Greenberg JH, Halgren E, Hämäläinen MS, Helmchen F, Hyman BT, Jasanoff A, Jernigan TL, Judd LL, Kim SG, Kleinfeld D, Kopell NJ, Kutas M, Kwong KK, Larkum ME, Lo EH, Magistretti PJ, Mandeville JB, Masliah E, Mitra PP, Mobley WC, Moskowitz MA, Nimmerjahn A, Reynolds JH, Rosen BR, Salzberg BM, Schaffer CB, Silva GA, So PT, Spitzer NC, Tootell RB, Van Essen DC, Vanduffel W, Vinogradov SA, Wald LL, Wang LV, Weber B, Yodh AG. The challenge of connecting the dots in the B.R.A.I.N. Neuron. 2013 Oct 16; 80(2):270-4. PMID: 24139032.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Buxton R. The physics of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Rep Prog Phys. 2013 Sep; 76(9):096601. PMID: 24006360; PMCID: PMC4376284.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    21. Griffeth VE, Blockley NP, Simon AB, Buxton R. A New Functional MRI Approach for Investigating Modulations of Brain Oxygen Metabolism. PLoS One. 2013; 8(6):e68122. PMID: 23826367; PMCID: PMC3694916.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    22. Wegener S, Artmann J, Luft AR, Buxton R, Weller M, Wong EC. The time of maximum post-ischemic hyperperfusion indicates infarct growth following transient experimental ischemia. PLoS One. 2013; 8(5):e65322. PMID: 23741488; PMCID: PMC3669346.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    23. Moradi F, Buxton R. Adaptation of cerebral oxygen metabolism and blood flow and modulation of neurovascular coupling with prolonged stimulation in human visual cortex. Neuroimage. 2013 Nov 15; 82:182-9. PMID: 23732885; PMCID: PMC3786332.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    24. Henderson AC, Sá RC, Theilmann RJ, Buxton R, Prisk GK, Hopkins SR. The gravitational distribution of ventilation-perfusion ratio is more uniform in prone than supine posture in the normal human lung. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2013 Aug 01; 115(3):313-24. PMID: 23620488; PMCID: PMC3743008.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    25. Simon AB, Griffeth VE, Wong EC, Buxton R. A novel method of combining blood oxygenation and blood flow sensitive magnetic resonance imaging techniques to measure the cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism responses to an unknown neural stimulus. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1):e54816. PMID: 23382977; PMCID: PMC3561406.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    26. Blockley NP, Griffeth VE, Germuska MA, Bulte DP, Buxton R. An analysis of the use of hyperoxia for measuring venous cerebral blood volume: comparison of the existing method with a new analysis approach. Neuroimage. 2013 May 15; 72:33-40. PMID: 23370053; PMCID: PMC4012834.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    27. Leontiev O, Buracas GT, Liang C, Ances BM, Perthen JE, Shmuel A, Buxton R. Coupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism is conserved for chromatic and luminance stimuli in human visual cortex. Neuroimage. 2013 Mar; 68:221-8. PMID: 23238435; PMCID: PMC3558279.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    28. Asadi AK, Cronin MV, Sá RC, Theilmann RJ, Holverda S, Hopkins SR, Buxton R, Prisk GK. Spatial-temporal dynamics of pulmonary blood flow in the healthy human lung in response to altered FI(O2). J Appl Physiol (1985). 2013 Jan 01; 114(1):107-18. PMID: 23104691; PMCID: PMC3544514.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    29. Liang CL, Ances BM, Perthen JE, Moradi F, Liau J, Buracas GT, Hopkins SR, Buxton R. Luminance contrast of a visual stimulus modulates the BOLD response more than the cerebral blood flow response in the human brain. Neuroimage. 2013 Jan 01; 64:104-11. PMID: 22963855; PMCID: PMC3545642.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    30. Blockley NP, Griffeth VE, Simon AB, Buxton R. A review of calibrated blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) methods for the measurement of task-induced changes in brain oxygen metabolism. NMR Biomed. 2013 Aug; 26(8):987-1003. PMID: 22945365; PMCID: PMC3639302.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    31. Robertson HT, Buxton R. Imaging for lung physiology: what do we wish we could measure? J Appl Physiol (1985). 2012 Jul; 113(2):317-27. PMID: 22582217.
      View in: PubMed
    32. Buxton R. Dynamic models of BOLD contrast. Neuroimage. 2012 Aug 15; 62(2):953-61. PMID: 22245339; PMCID: PMC3545646.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    33. Blockley NP, Griffeth VE, Buxton R. A general analysis of calibrated BOLD methodology for measuring CMRO2 responses: comparison of a new approach with existing methods. Neuroimage. 2012 Mar; 60(1):279-89. PMID: 22155329; PMCID: PMC3288960.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    34. Devor A, Sakadzic S, Saisan PA, Yaseen MA, Roussakis E, Srinivasan VJ, Vinogradov SA, Rosen BR, Buxton R, Dale AM, Boas DA. "Overshoot" of O2 is required to maintain baseline tissue oxygenation at locations distal to blood vessels. J Neurosci. 2011 Sep 21; 31(38):13676-81. PMID: 21940458; PMCID: PMC3188944.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    35. Small SA, Schobel SA, Buxton R, Witter MP, Barnes CA. A pathophysiological framework of hippocampal dysfunction in ageing and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011 Sep 07; 12(10):585-601. PMID: 21897434; PMCID: PMC3312472.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    36. Buracas GT, Jung Y, Lee J, Buxton R, Wong EC, Liu TT. On multiple alternating steady states induced by periodic spin phase perturbation waveforms. Magn Reson Med. 2012 May; 67(5):1412-8. PMID: 21826730; PMCID: PMC3278556.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    37. Moradi F, Buracas GT, Buxton R. Attention strongly increases oxygen metabolic response to stimulus in primary visual cortex. Neuroimage. 2012 Jan 02; 59(1):601-7. PMID: 21839179; PMCID: PMC3195991.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    38. Griffeth VE, Buxton R. A theoretical framework for estimating cerebral oxygen metabolism changes using the calibrated-BOLD method: modeling the effects of blood volume distribution, hematocrit, oxygen extraction fraction, and tissue signal properties on the BOLD signal. Neuroimage. 2011 Sep 01; 58(1):198-212. PMID: 21669292; PMCID: PMC3187858.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    39. Arai TJ, Prisk GK, Holverda S, Sá RC, Theilmann RJ, Henderson AC, Cronin MV, Buxton R, Hopkins SR. Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of pulmonary perfusion using calibrated arterial spin labeling. J Vis Exp. 2011 May 30; (51). PMID: 21673635; PMCID: PMC3197117.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    40. Griffeth VE, Perthen JE, Buxton R. Prospects for quantitative fMRI: investigating the effects of caffeine on baseline oxygen metabolism and the response to a visual stimulus in humans. Neuroimage. 2011 Aug 01; 57(3):809-16. PMID: 21586328; PMCID: PMC3172084.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    41. Thesen T, Leontiev O, Song T, Dehghani N, Hagler DJ, Huang M, Buxton R, Halgren E. Depression of cortical activity in humans by mild hypercapnia. Hum Brain Mapp. 2012 Mar; 33(3):715-26. PMID: 21500313; PMCID: PMC3558280.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    42. Ances BM, Vaida F, Cherner M, Yeh MJ, Liang CL, Gardner C, Grant I, Ellis RJ, Buxton R. HIV and chronic methamphetamine dependence affect cerebral blood flow. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2011 Sep; 6(3):409-19. PMID: 21431471; PMCID: PMC3251315.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    43. Ances B, Vaida F, Ellis R, Buxton R. Test-retest stability of calibrated BOLD-fMRI in HIV- and HIV+ subjects. Neuroimage. 2011 Feb 01; 54(3):2156-62. PMID: 20932922; PMCID: PMC3229916.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    44. Sá RC, Cronin MV, Henderson AC, Holverda S, Theilmann RJ, Arai TJ, Dubowitz DJ, Hopkins SR, Buxton R, Prisk GK. Vertical distribution of specific ventilation in normal supine humans measured by oxygen-enhanced proton MRI. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Dec; 109(6):1950-9. PMID: 20930129; PMCID: PMC3006418.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    45. Hopkins SR, Arai TJ, Henderson AC, Levin DL, Buxton R, Kim Prisk G. Lung volume does not alter the distribution of pulmonary perfusion in dependent lung in supine humans. J Physiol. 2010 Dec 01; 588(Pt 23):4759-68. PMID: 20921195; PMCID: PMC3010144.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    46. Tian P, Teng IC, May LD, Kurz R, Lu K, Scadeng M, Hillman EM, De Crespigny AJ, D'Arceuil HE, Mandeville JB, Marota JJ, Rosen BR, Liu TT, Boas DA, Buxton R, Dale AM, Devor A. Cortical depth-specific microvascular dilation underlies laminar differences in blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI signal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Aug 24; 107(34):15246-51. PMID: 20696904; PMCID: PMC2930564.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    47. Buxton R. Interpreting oxygenation-based neuroimaging signals: the importance and the challenge of understanding brain oxygen metabolism. Front Neuroenergetics. 2010; 2:8. PMID: 20616882; PMCID: PMC2899519.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    48. Ances BM, Vaida F, Yeh MJ, Liang CL, Buxton R, Letendre S, McCutchan JA, Ellis RJ. HIV infection and aging independently affect brain function as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. J Infect Dis. 2010 Feb 01; 201(3):336-40. PMID: 20047503; PMCID: PMC2804778.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    49. Henderson AC, Prisk GK, Levin DL, Hopkins SR, Buxton R. Characterizing pulmonary blood flow distribution measured using arterial spin labeling. NMR Biomed. 2009 Dec; 22(10):1025-35. PMID: 19492332; PMCID: PMC2836845.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    50. Theilmann RJ, Arai TJ, Samiee A, Dubowitz DJ, Hopkins SR, Buxton R, Prisk GK. Quantitative MRI measurement of lung density must account for the change in T(2) (*) with lung inflation. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 Sep; 30(3):527-34. PMID: 19630079; PMCID: PMC3354915.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    51. Fleisher AS, Sherzai A, Taylor C, Langbaum JB, Chen K, Buxton R. Resting-state BOLD networks versus task-associated functional MRI for distinguishing Alzheimer's disease risk groups. Neuroimage. 2009 Oct 01; 47(4):1678-90. PMID: 19539034; PMCID: PMC2722694.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    52. Dubowitz DJ, Dyer EA, Theilmann RJ, Buxton R, Hopkins SR. Early brain swelling in acute hypoxia. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 Jul; 107(1):244-52. PMID: 19423837; PMCID: PMC2711789.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    53. Ances BM, Liang CL, Leontiev O, Perthen JE, Fleisher AS, Lansing AE, Buxton R. Effects of aging on cerebral blood flow, oxygen metabolism, and blood oxygenation level dependent responses to visual stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Apr; 30(4):1120-32. PMID: 18465743; PMCID: PMC2810490.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    54. Fleisher AS, Podraza KM, Bangen KJ, Taylor C, Sherzai A, Sidhar K, Liu TT, Dale AM, Buxton R. Cerebral perfusion and oxygenation differences in Alzheimer's disease risk. Neurobiol Aging. 2009 Nov; 30(11):1737-48. PMID: 18325636; PMCID: PMC2746874.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    55. Buracas GT, Liu TT, Buxton R, Frank LR, Wong EC. Imaging periodic currents using alternating balanced steady-state free precession. Magn Reson Med. 2008 Jan; 59(1):140-8. PMID: 18050317.
      View in: PubMed
    56. Ances BM, Leontiev O, Perthen JE, Liang C, Lansing AE, Buxton R. Regional differences in the coupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism changes in response to activation: implications for BOLD-fMRI. Neuroimage. 2008 Feb 15; 39(4):1510-21. PMID: 18164629; PMCID: PMC2819080.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    57. Perthen JE, Lansing AE, Liau J, Liu TT, Buxton R. Caffeine-induced uncoupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism: a calibrated BOLD fMRI study. Neuroimage. 2008 Mar 01; 40(1):237-47. PMID: 18191583; PMCID: PMC2716699.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    58. Dyer EA, Hopkins SR, Perthen JE, Buxton R, Dubowitz DJ. Regional cerebral blood flow during acute hypoxia in individuals susceptible to acute mountain sickness. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2008 Feb 29; 160(3):267-76. PMID: 18088570; PMCID: PMC2387187.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    59. Wu WC, Buxton R, Wong EC. Vascular space occupancy weighted imaging with control of residual blood signal and higher contrast-to-noise ratio. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2007 Oct; 26(10):1319-27. PMID: 17948723.
      View in: PubMed
    60. Prisk GK, Yamada K, Henderson AC, Arai TJ, Levin DL, Buxton R, Hopkins SR. Pulmonary perfusion in the prone and supine postures in the normal human lung. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Sep; 103(3):883-94. PMID: 17569767; PMCID: PMC2399900.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    61. Brown GG, Perthen JE, Liu TT, Buxton R. A primer on functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropsychol Rev. 2007 Jun; 17(2):107-25. PMID: 17468956.
      View in: PubMed
    62. Hopkins SR, Henderson AC, Levin DL, Yamada K, Arai T, Buxton R, Prisk GK. Vertical gradients in regional lung density and perfusion in the supine human lung: the Slinky effect. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Jul; 103(1):240-8. PMID: 17395757; PMCID: PMC2399899.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    63. Leontiev O, Dubowitz DJ, Buxton R. CBF/CMRO2 coupling measured with calibrated BOLD fMRI: sources of bias. Neuroimage. 2007 Jul 15; 36(4):1110-22. PMID: 17524665; PMCID: PMC2038985.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    64. Levin DL, Buxton R, Spiess JP, Arai T, Balouch J, Hopkins SR. Effects of age on pulmonary perfusion heterogeneity measured by magnetic resonance imaging. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 May; 102(5):2064-70. PMID: 17303711.
      View in: PubMed
    65. Leontiev O, Buxton R. Reproducibility of BOLD, perfusion, and CMRO2 measurements with calibrated-BOLD fMRI. Neuroimage. 2007 Mar; 35(1):175-84. PMID: 17208013; PMCID: PMC2038869.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    66. Jezzard P, Buxton R. The clinical potential of functional magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006 Jun; 23(6):787-93. PMID: 16649209.
      View in: PubMed
    67. Henderson AC, Levin DL, Hopkins SR, Olfert IM, Buxton R, Prisk GK. Steep head-down tilt has persisting effects on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006 Aug; 101(2):583-9. PMID: 16601308; PMCID: PMC3373314.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    68. Buxton R. Quantifying CBF with arterial spin labeling. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2005 Dec; 22(6):723-6. PMID: 16261574.
      View in: PubMed
    69. Sirlin CB, Vera DR, Corbeil JA, Caballero MB, Buxton R, Mattrey RF. Gadolinium-DTPA-dextran: a macromolecular MR blood pool contrast agent. Acad Radiol. 2004 Dec; 11(12):1361-9. PMID: 15596374.
      View in: PubMed
    70. Liu TT, Behzadi Y, Restom K, Uludag K, Lu K, Buracas GT, Dubowitz DJ, Buxton R. Caffeine alters the temporal dynamics of the visual BOLD response. Neuroimage. 2004 Dec; 23(4):1402-13. PMID: 15589104.
      View in: PubMed
    71. Uludag K, Dubowitz DJ, Yoder EJ, Restom K, Liu TT, Buxton R. Coupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption during physiological activation and deactivation measured with fMRI. Neuroimage. 2004 Sep; 23(1):148-55. PMID: 15325361.
      View in: PubMed
    72. Uludag K, Buxton R. Measuring the effects of indomethacin on changes in cerebral oxidative metabolism and cerebral blood flow during sensorimotor activation. Magn Reson Med. 2004 May; 51(5):1088-9; author reply 1090. PMID: 15122696.
      View in: PubMed
    73. Buxton R, Uludag K, Dubowitz DJ, Liu TT. Modeling the hemodynamic response to brain activation. Neuroimage. 2004; 23 Suppl 1:S220-33. PMID: 15501093.
      View in: PubMed
    74. Obata T, Liu TT, Miller KL, Luh WM, Wong EC, Frank LR, Buxton R. Discrepancies between BOLD and flow dynamics in primary and supplementary motor areas: application of the balloon model to the interpretation of BOLD transients. Neuroimage. 2004 Jan; 21(1):144-53. PMID: 14741651.
      View in: PubMed
    75. Brown GG, Eyler Zorrilla LT, Georgy B, Kindermann SS, Wong EC, Buxton R. BOLD and perfusion response to finger-thumb apposition after acetazolamide administration: differential relationship to global perfusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2003 Jul; 23(7):829-37. PMID: 12843786.
      View in: PubMed
    76. Frank LR, Wong EC, Liu TT, Buxton R. Increased diffusion sensitivity with hyperechos. Magn Reson Med. 2003 Jun; 49(6):1098-105. PMID: 12768588.
      View in: PubMed
    77. Stiles J, Moses P, Roe K, Akshoomoff NA, Trauner D, Hesselink J, Wong EC, Frank LR, Buxton R. Alternative brain organization after prenatal cerebral injury: convergent fMRI and cognitive data. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2003 May; 9(4):604-22. PMID: 12755173.
      View in: PubMed
    78. Stiles J, Moses P, Passarotti A, Dick FK, Buxton R. Exploring developmental change in the neural bases of higher cognitive functions: the promise of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dev Neuropsychol. 2003; 24(2-3):641-68. PMID: 14561565.
      View in: PubMed
    79. Reber PJ, Wong EC, Buxton R. Comparing the brain areas supporting nondeclarative categorization and recognition memory. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2002 Aug; 14(2):245-57. PMID: 12067697.
      View in: PubMed
    80. Moses P, Roe K, Buxton R, Wong EC, Frank LR, Stiles J. Functional MRI of global and local processing in children. Neuroimage. 2002 Jun; 16(2):415-24. PMID: 12030826.
      View in: PubMed
    81. Liu TT, Wong EC, Frank LR, Buxton R. Analysis and design of perfusion-based event-related fMRI experiments. Neuroimage. 2002 May; 16(1):269-82. PMID: 11969334.
      View in: PubMed
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