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Nicholas Spitzer

Title(s)Professor, Neurobiology
SchoolAcademic Aff
Phone858-534-2456
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    Running-induced Neurotransmitter Switching Enhances Acquisition of Motor Skills
    NIH/NINDS R56NS107549Apr 1, 2019 - Mar 31, 2020
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Neurotransmitter Switching and Its Function in Hippocampal Plasticity
    NIH/NIMH R21MH105706Sep 10, 2014 - Aug 31, 2016
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Analysis of Activity Dependent Mechanisms of Neuronal Differentiation
    NIH/NINDS R01NS057690Dec 1, 2006 - Jan 31, 2019
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Mechanisms of Calcium Transients in Neuronal Development
    NIH/NIMH R01MH074702Jun 1, 2006 - Aug 31, 2011
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Mechanisms of Calcium Transients in Neuronal Development
    NIH/NIMH R56MH074702Sep 25, 2005 - May 31, 2006
    Role: Principal Investigator
    MECHANISMS OF GENERATION OF GROWTH CONE CALCIUM WAVES
    NIH/NINDS R01NS037002Sep 8, 1998 - Aug 31, 2002
    Role: Principal Investigator
    TARGET GENES OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN XENOPUS
    NIH/FIC F06TW001998Aug 17, 1994
    Role: Principal Investigator
    INDUCTION AND COMPENTENCE IN THE RETINA
    NIH/NEI R01EY010422Jul 1, 1994 - Jun 30, 1998
    Role: Principal Investigator
    FORMATION OF NEURAL PATHWAYS IN THE EMBRYO
    NIH/NEI R01EY010770Jul 1, 1994 - Jun 30, 1997
    Role: Principal Investigator
    MOLECULAR AND BIOPHYSICAL ASPECTS OF NEURONAL SIGNALING
    NIH/NINDS P01NS025916Mar 1, 1988 - Feb 28, 1997
    Role: Co-Investigator
    FORMATION OF NEURAL PATHWAYS IN THE AMPHIBIAN EMBRYO
    NIH/NICHD K04HD000528Jul 1, 1983 - Jun 30, 1988
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Neural Circuits Postdoctoral Training Program
    NIH/NINDS T32NS007220Jul 1, 1982 - Jun 30, 2017
    Role: Principal Investigator
    FORMATION OF NEURAL PATHWAYS IN THE EMBRYO
    NIH/NICHD R01HD014490Sep 30, 1980 - May 31, 1993
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Development of Neurons
    NIH/NINDS R01NS015918Jan 1, 1980 - Mar 31, 2018
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Development of Neurons
    NIH/NINDS R56NS015918Jan 1, 1980 - Jun 30, 2014
    Role: Principal Investigator

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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
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    1. Meng D, Li HQ, Deisseroth K, Leutgeb S, Spitzer NC. Neuronal activity regulates neurotransmitter switching in the adult brain following light-induced stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 05 15; 115(20):5064-5071. PMID: 29686073.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Dulcis D, Lippi G, Stark CJ, Do LH, Berg DK, Spitzer NC. Neurotransmitter Switching Regulated by miRNAs Controls Changes in Social Preference. Neuron. 2017 Sep 13; 95(6):1319-1333.e5. PMID: 28867550.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Spitzer NC. Neurotransmitter Switching in the Developing and Adult Brain. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2017 07 25; 40:1-19. PMID: 28301776.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Aumann TD, Raabus M, Tomas D, Prijanto A, Churilov L, Spitzer NC, Horne MK. Differences in Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Associated with Summer and Winter Photoperiods in Humans. PLoS One. 2016; 11(7):e0158847. PMID: 27428306; PMCID: PMC4948786.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    5. Spitzer NC. DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE. Neurotransmitter-tailored dendritic trees. Science. 2015 Oct 30; 350(6260):510-1. PMID: 26516267.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Vincent P, Spitzer NC. Editorial: Dynamics of cyclic nucleotide signaling in neurons. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015; 9:296. PMID: 26283926; PMCID: PMC4522550.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    7. Spitzer NC. Neurotransmitter Switching? No Surprise. Neuron. 2015 Jun 03; 86(5):1131-44. PMID: 26050033; PMCID: PMC4458710.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    8. Guemez-Gamboa A, Xu L, Meng D, Spitzer NC. Non-cell-autonomous mechanism of activity-dependent neurotransmitter switching. Neuron. 2014 Jun 04; 82(5):1004-16. PMID: 24908484; PMCID: PMC4072120.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    9. Yang JM, Zhang J, Chen XJ, Geng HY, Ye M, Spitzer NC, Luo JH, Duan SM, Li XM. Development of GABA circuitry of fast-spiking basket interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of erbb4-mutant mice. J Neurosci. 2013 Dec 11; 33(50):19724-33. PMID: 24336736.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Devor A, Bandettini PA, Boas DA, Bower JM, Buxton RB, Cohen LB, Dale AM, Einevoll GT, Fox PT, Franceschini MA, Friston KJ, Fujimoto JG, Geyer MA, Greenberg JH, Halgren E, Hämäläinen MS, Helmchen F, Hyman BT, Jasanoff A, Jernigan TL, Judd LL, Kim SG, Kleinfeld D, Kopell NJ, Kutas M, Kwong KK, Larkum ME, Lo EH, Magistretti PJ, Mandeville JB, Masliah E, Mitra PP, Mobley WC, Moskowitz MA, Nimmerjahn A, Reynolds JH, Rosen BR, Salzberg BM, Schaffer CB, Silva GA, So PT, Spitzer NC, Tootell RB, Van Essen DC, Vanduffel W, Vinogradov SA, Wald LL, Wang LV, Weber B, Yodh AG. The challenge of connecting the dots in the B.R.A.I.N. Neuron. 2013 Oct 16; 80(2):270-4. PMID: 24139032.
      View in: PubMed
    11. Spitzer NC, Borodinsky LN, Root CM. Imaging and manipulating calcium transients in developing Xenopus spinal neurons. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2013 Jul 01; 2013(7):653-64. PMID: 23818661.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Dulcis D, Jamshidi P, Leutgeb S, Spitzer NC. Neurotransmitter switching in the adult brain regulates behavior. Science. 2013 Apr 26; 340(6131):449-53. PMID: 23620046.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Plazas PV, Nicol X, Spitzer NC. Activity-dependent competition regulates motor neuron axon pathfinding via PlexinA3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jan 22; 110(4):1524-9. PMID: 23302694; PMCID: PMC3557035.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    14. Dulcis D, Spitzer NC. Reserve pool neuron transmitter respecification: Novel neuroplasticity. Dev Neurobiol. 2012 Apr; 72(4):465-74. PMID: 21595049; PMCID: PMC3192250.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    15. Spitzer NC. Activity-dependent neurotransmitter respecification. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2012 Jan 18; 13(2):94-106. PMID: 22251956; PMCID: PMC4352171.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    16. Demarque M, Spitzer NC. Neurotransmitter phenotype plasticity: an unexpected mechanism in the toolbox of network activity homeostasis. Dev Neurobiol. 2012 Jan; 72(1):22-32. PMID: 21557513; PMCID: PMC3209552.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    17. Rosenberg SS, Spitzer NC. Calcium signaling in neuronal development. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011 Oct 01; 3(10):a004259. PMID: 21730044; PMCID: PMC3179332.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    18. Nicol X, Hong KP, Spitzer NC. Spatial and temporal second messenger codes for growth cone turning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 16; 108(33):13776-81. PMID: 21795610; PMCID: PMC3158175.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    19. Hong KP, Spitzer NC, Nicol X. Improved molecular toolkit for cAMP studies in live cells. BMC Res Notes. 2011 Jul 20; 4:241. PMID: 21774821; PMCID: PMC3152522.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    20. Eyler LT, Prom-Wormley E, Fennema-Notestine C, Panizzon MS, Neale MC, Jernigan TL, Fischl B, Franz CE, Lyons MJ, Stevens A, Pacheco J, Perry ME, Schmitt JE, Spitzer NC, Seidman LJ, Thermenos HW, Tsuang MT, Dale AM, Kremen WS. Genetic patterns of correlation among subcortical volumes in humans: results from a magnetic resonance imaging twin study. Hum Brain Mapp. 2011 Apr; 32(4):641-53. PMID: 20572207; PMCID: PMC3403693.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    21. Velázquez-Ulloa NA, Spitzer NC, Dulcis D. Contexts for dopamine specification by calcium spike activity in the CNS. J Neurosci. 2011 Jan 05; 31(1):78-88. PMID: 21209192; PMCID: PMC3080040.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    22. Ben-Ari Y, Spitzer NC. Phenotypic checkpoints regulate neuronal development. Trends Neurosci. 2010 Nov; 33(11):485-92. PMID: 20864191; PMCID: PMC2963711.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    23. Demarque M, Spitzer NC. Activity-dependent expression of Lmx1b regulates specification of serotonergic neurons modulating swimming behavior. Neuron. 2010 Jul 29; 67(2):321-34. PMID: 20670838; PMCID: PMC2913149.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    24. Marek KW, Kurtz LM, Spitzer NC. cJun integrates calcium activity and tlx3 expression to regulate neurotransmitter specification. Nat Neurosci. 2010 Aug; 13(8):944-50. PMID: 20581840; PMCID: PMC2910808.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    25. Xiao Q, Xu L, Spitzer NC. Target-dependent regulation of neurotransmitter specification and embryonic neuronal calcium spike activity. J Neurosci. 2010 Apr 21; 30(16):5792-801. PMID: 20410131; PMCID: PMC2871059.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    26. Spitzer NC. How GABA generates depolarization. J Physiol. 2010 Mar 01; 588(Pt 5):757-8. PMID: 20194137; PMCID: PMC2834934.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    27. McNerney CD, Chang EJ, Spitzer NC. Brain awareness week and beyond: encouraging the next generation. J Undergrad Neurosci Educ. 2009; 8(1):A61-5. PMID: 23493673; PMCID: PMC3592700.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    28. Chang LW, Spitzer NC. Spontaneous calcium spike activity in embryonic spinal neurons is regulated by developmental expression of the Na+, K+-ATPase beta3 subunit. J Neurosci. 2009 Jun 17; 29(24):7877-85. PMID: 19535599; PMCID: PMC3090545.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    29. Spitzer NC. Neuroscience: A bar code for differentiation. Nature. 2009 Apr 16; 458(7240):843-4. PMID: 19370023.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Frantz KJ, McNerney CD, Spitzer NC. We've got NERVE: a call to arms for neuroscience education. J Neurosci. 2009 Mar 18; 29(11):3337-9. PMID: 19295139.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Dulcis D, Spitzer NC. Illumination controls differentiation of dopamine neurons regulating behaviour. Nature. 2008 Nov 13; 456(7219):195-201. PMID: 19005547; PMCID: PMC2803045.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    32. Spitzer NC. A Rosetta stone for analysis of human membrane protein function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 05; 105(31):10641-2. PMID: 18669649; PMCID: PMC2504841.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    33. Root CM, Velázquez-Ulloa NA, Monsalve GC, Minakova E, Spitzer NC. Embryonically expressed GABA and glutamate drive electrical activity regulating neurotransmitter specification. J Neurosci. 2008 Apr 30; 28(18):4777-84. PMID: 18448654; PMCID: PMC3318922.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    34. Spitzer NC, Borodinsky LN. Implications of activity-dependent neurotransmitter-receptor matching. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2008 Apr 12; 363(1495):1393-9. PMID: 18198155; PMCID: PMC2610128.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    35. Sann SB, Xu L, Nishimune H, Sanes JR, Spitzer NC. Neurite outgrowth and in vivo sensory innervation mediated by a Ca(V)2.2-laminin beta 2 stop signal. J Neurosci. 2008 Mar 05; 28(10):2366-74. PMID: 18322083.
      View in: PubMed
    36. Spitzer NC. Calcium: first messenger. Nat Neurosci. 2008 Mar; 11(3):243-4. PMID: 18301428.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Borodinsky LN, Spitzer NC. Activity-dependent neurotransmitter-receptor matching at the neuromuscular junction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 02; 104(1):335-40. PMID: 17190810; PMCID: PMC1749326.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    38. Spitzer NC. Electrical activity in early neuronal development. Nature. 2006 Dec 07; 444(7120):707-12. PMID: 17151658.
      View in: PubMed
    39. Borodinsky LN, Spitzer NC. Second messenger pas de deux: the coordinated dance between calcium and cAMP. Sci STKE. 2006 May 23; 2006(336):pe22. PMID: 16720840.
      View in: PubMed
    40. Conklin MW, Lin MS, Spitzer NC. Local calcium transients contribute to disappearance of pFAK, focal complex removal and deadhesion of neuronal growth cones and fibroblasts. Dev Biol. 2005 Nov 01; 287(1):201-12. PMID: 16202989.
      View in: PubMed
    41. Spitzer NC, Borodinsky LN, Root CM. Homeostatic activity-dependent paradigm for neurotransmitter specification. Cell Calcium. 2005 May; 37(5):417-23. PMID: 15820389.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Bregestovski P, Spitzer N. Calcium in the function of the nervous system: new implications. Cell Calcium. 2005 May; 37(5):371-4. PMID: 15820383.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Spitzer NC, Root CM, Borodinsky LN. Orchestrating neuronal differentiation: patterns of Ca2+ spikes specify transmitter choice. Trends Neurosci. 2004 Jul; 27(7):415-21. PMID: 15219741.
      View in: PubMed
    44. Ben-Ari Y, Spitzer NC. Nature and nurture in brain development. Trends Neurosci. 2004 Jul; 27(7):361. PMID: 15219731.
      View in: PubMed
    45. Borodinsky LN, Root CM, Cronin JA, Sann SB, Gu X, Spitzer NC. Activity-dependent homeostatic specification of transmitter expression in embryonic neurons. Nature. 2004 Jun 03; 429(6991):523-30. PMID: 15175743.
      View in: PubMed
    46. Spitzer NC. Coincidence detection enhances appropriate wiring of the nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 13; 101(15):5311-2. PMID: 15067118; PMCID: PMC397370.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    47. Li H, Cook JD, Terry M, Spitzer NC, Ferrari MB. Calcium transients regulate patterned actin assembly during myofibrillogenesis. Dev Dyn. 2004 Feb; 229(2):231-42. PMID: 14745949.
      View in: PubMed
    48. Gorbunova YV, Spitzer NC. Dynamic interactions of cyclic AMP transients and spontaneous Ca(2+) spikes. Nature. 2002 Jul 04; 418(6893):93-6. PMID: 12097913.
      View in: PubMed
    49. Spitzer NC, Kingston PA, Manning TJ, Conklin MW. Outside and in: development of neuronal excitability. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2002 Jun; 12(3):315-23. PMID: 12049939.
      View in: PubMed
    50. Ming GL, Wong ST, Henley J, Yuan XB, Song HJ, Spitzer NC, Poo MM. Adaptation in the chemotactic guidance of nerve growth cones. Nature. 2002 May 23; 417(6887):411-8. PMID: 11986620.
      View in: PubMed
    51. Spitzer NC. Activity-dependent neuronal differentiation prior to synapse formation: the functions of calcium transients. J Physiol Paris. 2002 Jan-Mar; 96(1-2):73-80. PMID: 11755785.
      View in: PubMed
    52. Spitzer NC, Vincent A, Lautermilch NJ. Differentiation of electrical excitability in motoneurons. Brain Res Bull. 2000 Nov 15; 53(5):547-52. PMID: 11165790.
      View in: PubMed
    53. Spitzer NC, Lautermilch NJ, Smith RD, Gomez TM. Coding of neuronal differentiation by calcium transients. Bioessays. 2000 Sep; 22(9):811-7. PMID: 10944583.
      View in: PubMed
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