Ravinder Mittal

Title(s)Professor, Medicine
SchoolVc-health Sciences-schools
Address9500 Gilman Drive #
La Jolla CA 92093
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    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse Education and Training
    Delhi UniversityMedical DegreeMaulana Azad Medical College
    Delhi University HospitalInternship
    New York Medical CollegeResidencyLincoln Hospital
    Yale UniversityFellowshipSchool of Medicine

    Collapse Overview 

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Hiatal Dysfunction in Achalasia Esophagus
    NIH R56DK129451Aug 1, 2021 - Jul 31, 2022
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Defecation mechanisms and subtyping of constipation patients with Fecobionics
    NIH R01DK125657Jun 15, 2021 - May 31, 2026
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    Novel Electrical Impedance Methodology to Understand Functional Dysphagia
    NIH R01DK109376Sep 15, 2016 - Aug 31, 2021
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Anal Sphincter Morphology & Function Assessed with Novel MR Imaging Techniques
    NIH R01DK091348Sep 15, 2011 - Dec 31, 2016
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Novel Applications of Sarcomere Length to Improve Anal Continence
    NIH I01RX000124Jul 1, 2009 - Sep 30, 2012
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Molecular basis for mechanosensitivity of esophageal enteric neurons (EMN)
    NIH I01BX000149Apr 1, 2009 - Jun 30, 2022
    Role: Principal Investigator
    ROLE OF PUBORECTALIS MUSCLE IN FECAL CONTINENCE
    NIH R01DK065846Sep 15, 2004 - Jul 31, 2008
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Genesis of Esophageal Pain: Longitudinal Muscle Spasm and Wall Ischemia
    NIH R01DK060733Dec 1, 2001 - Mar 31, 2018
    Role: Principal Investigator
    PHARYNGEAL RECEPTORS AND REFLUX DISEASE
    NIH R01DK051604Jun 1, 1997 - Apr 30, 2003
    Role: Principal Investigator
    ANTICHOLINERGICS IN THE TREATMENT OF REFLUX DISEASE
    NIH R03DK052094Jan 10, 1997 - Dec 31, 2000
    Role: Principal Investigator
    BIENNIAL AMERICAN MOTILITY SYMPOSIUM
    NIH R13DK048248Sep 30, 1994 - Sep 29, 1995
    Role: Principal Investigator
    THE DIAPHRAGM--AN EXTERNAL LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER
    NIH R29DK040027Jan 1, 1989 - Dec 31, 1994
    Role: Principal Investigator
    General Clinical Research Center
    NIH M01RR000847Dec 1, 1977 - Feb 28, 2013
    Role: Co-Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Clinical Trials

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Selective dysfunction of the crural diaphragm in patients with chronic restrictive and obstructive lung disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024 Jan; 36(1):e14699. Joshua J, Pathak C, Zifan A, Chen R, Malhotra A, Mittal RK. PMID: 37882102; PMCID: PMC10842479.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    2. Why so Many Patients With Dysphagia Have Normal Esophageal Function Testing. Gastro Hep Adv. 2024; 3(1):109-121. Mittal RK, Zifan A. PMID: 38420259; PMCID: PMC10899865.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    3. Impaired sliding between the lower esophageal sphincter and crural diaphragm (esophageal hiatus) in patients with achalasia esophagus. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2023 10 01; 325(4):G368-G378. Mittal RK, Ledgerwood M, Caplin M, Xu P, Marquez-Lavenant W, Zifan A. PMID: 37581423; PMCID: PMC10642994.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    4. Rectal contractility in patients with fecal incontinence and obstructed defecation compared to normal subjects. Gastro Hep Adv. 2023; 2(5):656-659. Gregersen H, Mittal RK. PMID: 37464998; PMCID: PMC10353715.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1  
    5. Esophageal wall compliance/stiffness during peristalsis in patients with functional dysphagia and high-amplitude esophageal contractions. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2022 12 01; 323(6):G586-G593. Zifan A, Gandu V, Mittal RK. PMID: 36283085; PMCID: PMC9678403.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    6. Distension contraction plots of pharyngeal/esophageal peristalsis: next frontier in the assessment of esophageal motor function. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2022 09 01; 323(3):G145-G156. Omari TI, Zifan A, Cock C, Mittal RK. PMID: 35788152; PMCID: PMC9377784.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    7. Anorectal Anatomy and Function. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2022 03; 51(1):1-23. Mittal RK, Tuttle LJ. PMID: 35135656.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. Rhythmic contraction but arrhythmic distension of esophageal peristaltic reflex in patients with dysphagia. PLoS One. 2022; 17(1):e0262948. Muta K, Mittal RK, Zifan A. PMID: 35073388; PMCID: PMC8786162.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    9. Relationship between dysphagia, lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, and esophagogastric junction distensibility. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022 08; 34(8):e14319. Jain AS, Allamneni C, Kline M, Dalsania R, Godiers M, Keilin S, Srinivasan S, Mittal R. PMID: 35060256.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    10. Bolus flow and biomechanical properties of the esophageal wall during primary esophageal peristalsis: Effects of bolus viscosity and posture. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022 06; 34(6):e14281. Zifan A, Gandu V, Ledgerwood M, Mittal R. PMID: 34636107.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    11. Montreal, Rome, and Lyon Consensus: Will They Resolve the Conundrum of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Gastroenterology. 2021 12; 161(6):1776-1779. Mittal RK. PMID: 34461054.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    12. Do resistance exercises during biofeedback therapy enhance the anal sphincter and pelvic floor muscles in anal incontinence? Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022 01; 34(1):e14212. Tuttle LJ, Zifan A, Swartz J, Mittal RK. PMID: 34236123; PMCID: PMC8712345.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    13. Distension-contraction profile of peristalsis in patients with nutcracker esophagus. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 11; 33(11):e14138. Zifan A, Muta K, Mittal RK. PMID: 33818858; PMCID: PMC8490481.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. Sliding Hiatus Hernia: A Two-Step Pressure Pump of Gastroesophageal Reflux. Gastroenterology. 2021 07; 161(1):339-341.e1. Mittal RK, Kumar D, Jiang Y. PMID: 33713672; PMCID: PMC8961450.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Chicago Classification update (v4.0): Technical review of high-resolution manometry metrics for EGJ barrier function. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 10; 33(10):e14113. Kahrilas PJ, Mittal RK, Bor S, Kohn GP, Lenglinger J, Mittal SK, Pandolfino JE, Serra J, Tatum R, Yadlapati R. PMID: 33655610; PMCID: PMC8410874.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. Pulsion diverticula of the rectum: Radiological diagnosis and clinical implications. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2021 Jun; 65(3):286-292. Ghahremani GG, Mittal RK. PMID: 33606362.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    17. Esophageal motility disorders on high-resolution manometry: Chicago classification version 4.0©. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 01; 33(1):e14058. Yadlapati R, Kahrilas PJ, Fox MR, Bredenoord AJ, Prakash Gyawali C, Roman S, Babaei A, Mittal RK, Rommel N, Savarino E, Sifrim D, Smout A, Vaezi MF, Zerbib F, Akiyama J, Bhatia S, Bor S, Carlson DA, Chen JW, Cisternas D, Cock C, Coss-Adame E, de Bortoli N, Defilippi C, Fass R, Ghoshal UC, Gonlachanvit S, Hani A, Hebbard GS, Wook Jung K, Katz P, Katzka DA, Khan A, Kohn GP, Lazarescu A, Lengliner J, Mittal SK, Omari T, Park MI, Penagini R, Pohl D, Richter JE, Serra J, Sweis R, Tack J, Tatum RP, Tutuian R, Vela MF, Wong RK, Wu JC, Xiao Y, Pandolfino JE. PMID: 33373111; PMCID: PMC8034247.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 193     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    18. Novel gel bolus to improve impedance-based measurements of esophageal cross-sectional area during primary peristalsis. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 07; 33(7):e14071. Ledgerwood M, Zifan A, Lin W, de Alva J, Chen H, Mittal RK. PMID: 33373474.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    19. Abnormal Esophageal Distension Profiles in Patients With Functional Dysphagia: A Possible Mechanism of Dysphagia. Gastroenterology. 2021 04; 160(5):1847-1849.e2. Mittal RK, Muta K, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Gandu V, Zifan A. PMID: 33307025.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    20. Esophageal Motility Disorders and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. N Engl J Med. 2020 11 12; 383(20):1961-1972. Mittal R, Vaezi MF. PMID: 33176086.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. Relationship between distension-contraction waveforms during esophageal peristalsis: effect of bolus volume, viscosity, and posture. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020 10 01; 319(4):G454-G461. Mittal RK, Muta K, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Zifan A. PMID: 32755311; PMCID: PMC7654646.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    22. Three-Dimensional Pressure Profile of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter and Crural Diaphragm in Patients with Achalasia Esophagus. Gastroenterology. 2020 09; 159(3):864-872.e1. Mittal RK, Kumar D, Kligerman SJ, Zifan A. PMID: 32437748; PMCID: PMC7502532.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    23. Morphology of the Esophageal Hiatus: Is It Different in 3 Types of Hiatus Hernias? J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 Jan 30; 26(1):51-60. Kumar D, Zifan A, Ghahremani G, Kunkel DC, Horgan S, Mittal RK. PMID: 31677612; PMCID: PMC6955188.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9  
    24. Loop analysis of the anal sphincter complex in fecal incontinent patients using functional luminal imaging probe. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020 01 01; 318(1):G66-G76. Zifan A, Mittal RK, Kunkel DC, Swartz J, Barr G, Tuttle LJ. PMID: 31736339; PMCID: PMC6985842.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    25. Botox injection into the lower esophageal sphincter induces hiatal paralysis and gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020 01 01; 318(1):G77-G83. Kumar D, Zifan A, Mittal RK. PMID: 31589467; PMCID: PMC6985847.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. The international anorectal physiology working group (IAPWG) recommendations: Standardized testing protocol and the London classification for disorders of anorectal function. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 01; 32(1):e13679. Carrington EV, Heinrich H, Knowles CH, Fox M, Rao S, Altomare DF, Bharucha AE, Burgell R, Chey WD, Chiarioni G, Dinning P, Emmanuel A, Farouk R, Felt-Bersma RJF, Jung KW, Lembo A, Malcolm A, Mittal RK, Mion F, Myung SJ, O'Connell PR, Pehl C, Remes-Troche JM, Reveille RM, Vaizey CJ, Vitton V, Whitehead WE, Wong RK, Scott SM, All members of the International Anorectal Physiology Working Group. PMID: 31407463; PMCID: PMC6923590.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 74     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    27. High-frequency ultrasound imaging of the anal sphincter muscles in normal subjects and patients with fecal incontinence. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2019 04; 31(4):e13537. Ledgerwood-Lee M, Zifan A, Kunkel DC, Sah R, Mittal RK. PMID: 30680849; PMCID: PMC6405312.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. Topographical plots of esophageal distension and contraction: effects of posture on esophageal peristalsis and bolus transport. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2019 04 01; 316(4):G519-G526. Zifan A, Song HJ, Youn YH, Qiu X, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Mittal RK. PMID: 30676774; PMCID: PMC6483025.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    29. Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger 1 is a key mechanosensitive molecule of the esophageal myenteric neurons. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2019 04; 225(4):e13223. Dong H, Tang B, Jiang Y, Mittal RK. PMID: 30466198.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    30. Connectivity of the Superficial Muscles of the Human Perineum: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging-Based Global Tractography Study. Sci Rep. 2018 12 14; 8(1):17867. Zifan A, Reisert M, Sinha S, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Cory E, Sah R, Mittal RK. PMID: 30552351; PMCID: PMC6294750.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    31. Endoflip vs high-definition manometry in the assessment of fecal incontinence: A data-driven unsupervised comparison. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2018 12; 30(12):e13462. Zifan A, Sun C, Gourcerol G, Leroi AM, Mittal RK. PMID: 30216661; PMCID: PMC6249043.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    32. Measuring length-tension function of the anal sphincters and puborectalis muscle using the functional luminal imaging probe. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018 11 01; 315(5):G781-G787. Tuttle LJ, Zifan A, Sun C, Swartz J, Roalkvam S, Mittal RK. PMID: 30160982; PMCID: PMC6293252.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. Cholecystokinin induces esophageal longitudinal muscle contraction and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in healthy humans. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018 11 01; 315(5):G734-G742. Babaei A, Mittal R. PMID: 29902066; PMCID: PMC6293254.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    34. Genesis of Esophageal Pressurization and Bolus Flow Patterns in Patients With Achalasia Esophagus. Gastroenterology. 2018 08; 155(2):327-336. Park S, Zifan A, Kumar D, Mittal RK. PMID: 29733830; PMCID: PMC7453216.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. Is the Lower Esophageal Sphincter Tone Related to a Gas? Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Mar; 5(3):239-240. Mittal RK. PMID: 29675449; PMCID: PMC5904033.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    36. Three-Dimensional Myoarchitecture of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter and Esophageal Hiatus Using Optical Sectioning Microscopy. Sci Rep. 2017 10 13; 7(1):13188. Zifan A, Kumar D, Cheng LK, Mittal RK. PMID: 29030643; PMCID: PMC5640646.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    37. Age-related external anal sphincter muscle dysfunction and fibrosis: possible role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2017 Dec 01; 313(6):G581-G588. Rajasekaran MR, Kanoo S, Fu J, Nguyen ML, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 28838987.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    38. Functional morphology of the lower esophageal sphincter and crural diaphragm determined by three-dimensional high-resolution esophago-gastric junction pressure profile and CT imaging. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2017 Sep 01; 313(3):G212-G219. Mittal RK, Zifan A, Kumar D, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Ruppert E, Ghahremani G. PMID: 28572086; PMCID: PMC5625133.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    39. Wnt-β Catenin Signaling Pathway: A Major Player in the Injury Induced Fibrosis and Dysfunction of the External Anal Sphincter. Sci Rep. 2017 04 19; 7(1):963. Rajasekaran MR, Kanoo S, Fu J, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 28424479; PMCID: PMC5430485.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    40. Visualizing the enteric nervous system using genetically engineered double reporter mice: Comparison with immunofluorescence. PLoS One. 2017; 12(2):e0171239. Jiang Y, Dong H, Eckmann L, Hanson EM, Ihn KC, Mittal RK. PMID: 28158225; PMCID: PMC5291392.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    41. Esophageal Submucosal Injection of Capsaicin but Not Acid Induces Symptoms in Normal Subjects. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016 Jul 30; 22(3):436-43. Lee RH, Korsapati H, Bhalla V, Varki N, Mittal RK. PMID: 26932896; PMCID: PMC4930298.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3  
    42. A Predictive Model to Identify Patients With Fecal Incontinence Based on High-Definition Anorectal Manometry. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 12; 14(12):1788-1796.e2. Zifan A, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Mittal RK. PMID: 27464594; PMCID: PMC5108671.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    43. Regulation and dysregulation of esophageal peristalsis by the integrated function of circular and longitudinal muscle layers in health and disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 09 01; 311(3):G431-43. Mittal RK. PMID: 27445346; PMCID: PMC5076012.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    44. Esophageal contractions in type 3 achalasia esophagus: simultaneous or peristaltic? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 05 01; 310(9):G689-95. Kim TH, Patel N, Ledgerwood-Lee M, Mittal RK. PMID: 26950858; PMCID: PMC4867325.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    45. Low esophageal mucosal blood flow in patients with nutcracker esophagus. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 Mar 15; 310(6):G410-6. Jiang Y, Mittal RK. PMID: 26702139; PMCID: PMC4796296.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    46. Circular and longitudinal muscles shortening indicates sliding patterns during peristalsis and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2015 Sep 01; 309(5):G360-7. Patel N, Jiang Y, Mittal RK, Kim TH, Ledgerwood M, Bhargava V. PMID: 26045610; PMCID: PMC4556947.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    47. Inhibitory motor neurons of the esophageal myenteric plexus are mechanosensitive. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015 Mar 01; 308(5):C405-13. Dong H, Jiang Y, Dong J, Mittal RK. PMID: 25540174.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    48. Length tension function of puborectalis muscle: implications for the treatment of fecal incontinence and pelvic floor disorders. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2014 Oct 30; 20(4):539-46. Mittal RK, Sheean G, Padda BS, Rajasekaran MR. PMID: 25273124; PMCID: PMC4204420.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4  
    49. Esophageal function testing: beyond manometry and impedance. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2014 Oct; 24(4):667-85. Mittal RK. PMID: 25216911; PMCID: PMC4428911.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    50. Myoarchitectural and functional alterations in rabbit external anal sphincter muscle following experimental surgical trauma. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2014 Aug 15; 307(4):G445-51. Rajasekaran MR, Sinha S, Seo Y, Salehi M, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 24994856.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    51. Purse-string morphology of external anal sphincter revealed by novel imaging techniques. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2014 Mar; 306(6):G505-14. Mittal RK, Bhargava V, Sheean G, Ledgerwood M, Sinha S. PMID: 24458022; PMCID: PMC3949029.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    52. Anatomical disruption and length-tension dysfunction of anal sphincter complex muscles in women with fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum. 2013 Nov; 56(11):1282-9. Kim YS, Weinstein M, Raizada V, Jiang Y, Bhargava V, Rajasekaran MR, Mittal RK. PMID: 24105004; PMCID: PMC3802525.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    53. Architecture of vagal motor units controlling striated muscle of esophagus: peripheral elements patterning peristalsis? Auton Neurosci. 2013 Dec; 179(1-2):90-8. Powley TL, Mittal RK, Baronowsky EA, Hudson CN, Martin FN, McAdams JL, Mason JK, Phillips RJ. PMID: 24044976; PMCID: PMC3844123.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    54. Esophageal sphincter device/antireflux surgery: who needs it? Gastroenterology. 2013 Sep; 145(3):679-81. Mittal RK. PMID: 23891608.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    55. Longitudinal muscle of the esophagus: its role in esophageal health and disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013 Jul; 29(4):421-30. Mittal RK. PMID: 23739655.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    56. Morphological, immunocytochemical, and functional characterization of esophageal enteric neurons in primary culture. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2013 Jul 15; 305(2):G129-38. Dong H, Jiang Y, Srinivasan S, Mittal RK. PMID: 23660501; PMCID: PMC4520575.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Longitudinal muscle dysfunction in achalasia esophagus and its relevance. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2013 Apr; 19(2):126-36. Mittal RK, Hong SJ, Bhargava V. PMID: 23667744; PMCID: PMC3644649.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17  
    58. Role of puborectalis muscle in the genesis of urethral pressure. J Urol. 2012 Oct; 188(4):1382-8. Rajasekaran MR, Sohn D, Salehi M, Bhargava V, Fritsch H, Mittal RK. PMID: 22906663.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    59. Esophageal wall blood perfusion during contraction and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in humans. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012 Sep 01; 303(5):G529-35. Jiang Y, Bhargava V, Kim YS, Mittal RK. PMID: 22790599; PMCID: PMC3468561.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    60. A novel pattern of longitudinal muscle contraction with subthreshold pharyngeal stimulus: a possible mechanism of lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012 Mar 01; 302(5):G542-7. Leslie E, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 22173917; PMCID: PMC3311436.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    61. Ambulatory high-resolution manometry, lower esophageal sphincter lift and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 Jan; 24(1):40-6, e2. Mittal RK, Karstens A, Leslie E, Babaei A, Bhargava V. PMID: 22074595; PMCID: PMC3746064.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    62. Sustained improvement in the anal sphincter function following surgical plication of rabbit external anal sphincter muscle. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011 Nov; 54(11):1373-80. Rajasekaran MR, Jiang Y, Bhargava V, Ramamoorthy S, Lieber RL, Mittal RK. PMID: 21979181.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    63. Effect of esophageal contraction on esophageal wall blood perfusion. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Dec; 301(6):G1093-8. Mittal RK, Bhargava V, Lal H, Jiang Y. PMID: 21903762.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    64. Variability in the muscle composition of rat esophagus and neural pathway of lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Dec; 301(6):G1014-9. Jiang Y, Bhargava V, Lal HA, Mittal RK. PMID: 21885684.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    65. Anal sphincter complex muscles defects and dysfunction in asymptomatic parous women. Int Urogynecol J. 2011 Sep; 22(9):1143-50. Weinstein MM, Pretorius DH, Jung SA, Wan JJ, Nager CW, Mittal RK. PMID: 21604060.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    66. The external anal sphincter operates at short sarcomere length in humans. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2011 Jul; 23(7):643-e258. Mittal RK, Sheean G, Padda BS, Lieber R, Raj Rajasekaran M. PMID: 21418426.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    67. Antireflux action of Nissen fundoplication and stretch-sensitive mechanism of lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Gastroenterology. 2011 Feb; 140(2):442-9. Jiang Y, Sandler B, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 20955702.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    68. Granulocytic sarcoma of the colon. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Jan; 9(1):A26. Park FD, Bain AJ, Mittal RK. PMID: 20692367.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    69. Achalasia, alcohol-stasis, and acute necrotizing esophagitis: connecting the dots. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Feb; 56(2):612-4. Lee JK, Bhargava V, Mittal RK, Ghosh P. PMID: 20552400; PMCID: PMC3029818.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    70. Dynamic assessment of the vaginal high-pressure zone using high-definition manometery, 3-dimensional ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic floor muscles. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Aug; 203(2):172.e1-8. Raizada V, Bhargava V, Jung SA, Karstens A, Pretorius D, Krysl P, Mittal RK. PMID: 20462564; PMCID: PMC2910785.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    71. A unique esophageal motor pattern that involves longitudinal muscles is responsible for emptying in achalasia esophagus. Gastroenterology. 2010 Jul; 139(1):102-11. Hong SJ, Bhargava V, Jiang Y, Denboer D, Mittal RK. PMID: 20381493; PMCID: PMC2950263.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 40     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    72. Genesis of multipeaked waves of the esophagus: repetitive contractions or motion artifact? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2010 Jun; 298(6):G927-33. Sampath NJ, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 20360132; PMCID: PMC3774336.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    73. Upper esophageal sphincter during transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation: effects of reflux content and posture. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2010 May; 298(5):G601-7. Babaei A, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 20167874; PMCID: PMC2867416.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    74. Mechanism of stretch-activated excitatory and inhibitory responses in the lower esophageal sphincter. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug; 297(2):G397-405. Jiang Y, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 19520741; PMCID: PMC2724084.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 25     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    75. Pelvic floor anatomy and applied physiology. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2008 Sep; 37(3):493-509, vii. Raizada V, Mittal RK. PMID: 18793993; PMCID: PMC2617789.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    76. Transperineal three-dimensional ultrasound imaging for detection of anatomic defects in the anal sphincter complex muscles. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Feb; 7(2):205-11. Weinstein MM, Pretorius DH, Jung SA, Nager CW, Mittal RK. PMID: 18996750; PMCID: PMC2835972.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    77. Length-tension relationship of the external anal sphincter muscle: implications for the anal canal function. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008 Aug; 295(2):G367-73. Rajasekaran MR, Jiang Y, Bhargava V, Littlefield R, Lee A, Lieber RL, Mittal RK. PMID: 18599590; PMCID: PMC2519855.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    78. Reversal of asynchrony between circular and longitudinal muscle contraction in nutcracker esophagus by atropine. Gastroenterology. 2008 Sep; 135(3):796-802. Korsapati H, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 18675815.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    79. Closure mechanism of the anal canal in women: assessed by three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Jun; 51(6):932-9. Jung SA, Pretorius DH, Weinstein M, Nager CW, Den-Boer D, Mittal RK. PMID: 18330648.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    80. A unique longitudinal muscle contraction pattern associated with transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Gastroenterology. 2008 May; 134(5):1322-31. Babaei A, Bhargava V, Korsapati H, Zheng WH, Mittal RK. PMID: 18384786.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    81. Cholinergic stimulation induces asynchrony between the circular and longitudinal muscle contraction during esophageal peristalsis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008 Mar; 294(3):G694-8. Korsapati H, Babaei A, Bhargava V, Mittal RK. PMID: 18187516.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    82. The reliability of puborectalis muscle measurements with 3-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jul; 197(1):68.e1-6. Weinstein MM, Jung SA, Pretorius DH, Nager CW, den Boer DJ, Mittal RK. PMID: 17618762.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    83. Vaginal high-pressure zone assessed by dynamic 3-dimensional ultrasound images of the pelvic floor. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jul; 197(1):52.e1-7. Jung SA, Pretorius DH, Padda BS, Weinstein MM, Nager CW, den Boer DJ, Mittal RK. PMID: 17618755; PMCID: PMC2680732.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    84. Distension during gastroesophageal reflux: effects of acid inhibition and correlation with symptoms. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Aug; 293(2):G469-74. Tipnis NA, Rhee PL, Mittal RK. PMID: 17556589.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    85. Prevalence of increased esophageal muscle thickness in patients with esophageal symptoms. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan; 102(1):137-45. Dogan I, Puckett JL, Padda BS, Mittal RK. PMID: 17266691.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    86. Axial stretch: A novel mechanism of the lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Jan; 292(1):G329-34. Dogan I, Bhargava V, Liu J, Mittal RK. PMID: 17023549.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    87. Effects of pelvic floor muscle contraction on anal canal pressure. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Feb; 292(2):G565-71. Padda BS, Jung SA, Pretorius D, Nager CW, Den-Boer D, Mittal RK. PMID: 17023551.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    88. Esophageal motor disorders: recent advances. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006 Jul; 22(4):417-22. Dogan I, Mittal RK. PMID: 16760760.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    89. Functional correlates of anal canal anatomy: puborectalis muscle and anal canal pressure. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 May; 101(5):1092-7. Liu J, Guaderrama N, Nager CW, Pretorius DH, Master S, Mittal RK. PMID: 16606349.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    90. Common cavity pressure during gastroesophageal reflux: reassessment using simultaneous pressure, impedance, and ultrasound imaging. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006 Jun; 290(6):G1149-56. Tipnis NA, Liu J, Puckett JL, Mittal RK. PMID: 16439471.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    91. Synchrony between circular and longitudinal muscle contractions during peristalsis in normal subjects. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006 Mar; 290(3):G431-8. Mittal RK, Padda B, Bhalla V, Bhargava V, Liu J. PMID: 16210472.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 34     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    92. Evidence for the innervation of pelvic floor muscles by the pudendal nerve. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Oct; 106(4):774-81. Guaderrama NM, Liu J, Nager CW, Pretorius DH, Sheean G, Kassab G, Mittal RK. PMID: 16199635.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    93. Asynchrony between the circular and the longitudinal muscle contraction in patients with nutcracker esophagus. Gastroenterology. 2005 May; 128(5):1179-86. Jung HY, Puckett JL, Bhalla V, Rojas-Feria M, Bhargava V, Liu J, Mittal RK. PMID: 15887102.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    94. Flow across the gastro-esophageal junction: lessons from the sleeve sensor on the nature of anti-reflux barrier. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005 Apr; 17(2):187-90. Mittal RK, Liu J. PMID: 15787938.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    95. Motor and sensory function of the esophagus: revelations through ultrasound imaging. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Apr; 39(4 Suppl 2):S42-8. Mittal RK. PMID: 15758658.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    96. Sensory and motor function of the esophagus: lessons from ultrasound imaging. Gastroenterology. 2005 Feb; 128(2):487-97. Mittal RK, Liu J, Puckett JL, Bhalla V, Bhargava V, Tipnis N, Kassab G. PMID: 15685559.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    97. The vaginal pressure profile. Neurourol Urodyn. 2005; 24(3):243-7. Guaderrama NM, Nager CW, Liu J, Pretorius DH, Mittal RK. PMID: 15714439.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    98. Ultrasound system to measure esophageal varix pressure: an in vitro validation study. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 May; 288(5):G914-9. Puckett JL, Liu J, Bhalla V, Kravetz D, Krinsky ML, Hassanein T, Mittal RK. PMID: 15626729.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    99. Crural diaphragm inhibition during esophageal distension correlates with contraction of the esophageal longitudinal muscle in cats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 May; 288(5):G927-32. Liu J, Puckett JL, Takeda T, Jung HY, Mittal RK. PMID: 15626730.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    100. Oesophageal motor functions and its disorders. Gut. 2004 Oct; 53(10):1536-42. Mittal RK, Bhalla V. PMID: 15361508; PMCID: PMC1774230.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    101. Lack of association between esophageal acid sensitivity detected by prolonged pH monitoring and Bernstein testing. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004 Mar; 99(3):410-5. Jung B, Steinbach J, Beaumont C, Mittal RK. PMID: 15056077.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    102. Symptom hypersensitivity to acid infusion is associated with hypersensitivity of esophageal contractility. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004 Jul; 287(1):G65-71. Bhalla V, Liu J, Puckett JL, Mittal RK. PMID: 14977636.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    103. Esophagogastric junction opening: does it explain the difference between normal subjects and patients with reflux disease? Gastroenterology. 2003 Oct; 125(4):1258-60. Mittal RK, Kassab GS. PMID: 14517807.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    104. Measuring esophageal distention by high-frequency intraluminal ultrasound probe. Am J Med. 2003 Aug 18; 115 Suppl 3A:130S-136S. Mittal RK. PMID: 12928089.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    105. Hypertrophy of the muscularis propria of the lower esophageal sphincter and the body of the esophagus in patients with primary motility disorders of the esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Aug; 98(8):1705-12. Mittal RK, Kassab G, Puckett JL, Liu J. PMID: 12907322.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    106. Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux: motility factors. J Gastroenterol. 2003 Mar; 38 Suppl 15:7-12. Mittal RK. PMID: 12698864.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    107. Effect of atropine on the biomechanical properties of the oesophageal wall in humans. J Physiol. 2003 Mar 01; 547(Pt 2):621-8. Takeda T, Kassab G, Liu J, Nabae T, Mittal RK. PMID: 12562937; PMCID: PMC2342665.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    108. Assessment of relationship between acid reflux and heartburn using receiver operating characteristic curves. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2002 Dec; 31(4 Suppl):S45-58. Steinbach J, Fass R, Mittal RK. PMID: 12489470.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    109. Measuring esophageal distension by high-frequency intraluminal ultrasound probe. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002 Oct; 283(4):G886-92. Rhee PL, Liu J, Puckett JL, Mittal RK. PMID: 12223348.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    110. Relationship between esophageal muscle thickness and intraluminal pressure in patients with esophageal spasm. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002 Jun; 282(6):G1016-23. Pehlivanov N, Liu J, Kassab GS, Beaumont C, Mittal RK. PMID: 12016127.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
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