Akram Belghith

Title(s)Project Scientist, Ophthalmology
SchoolVc-health Sciences-schools
Address9500 Gilman Drive #
La Jolla CA 92093
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Image-Quality-Aware Multimodal Artificial Intelligence for Automated Structured OCT Report Generation in Glaucoma Evaluation. Ophthalmol Sci. 2026 Aug; 6(8):101254. Jalili J, Gavhane Y, Walker E, Heinke A, Bowd C, Belghith A, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, De Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Baxter SL, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM, Christopher M. PMID: 42421754; PMCID: PMC13343140.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    2. Association of Deep Optic Nerve Head Structural Remodeling with Choroidal Microvasculature Dropout in Glaucoma with and without Myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2026 08; 288:75-91. Jiravarnsirikul A, Belghith A, Rezapour J, Micheletti E, Nishida T, Moghimi S, Suh MH, Jonas JB, Walker E, Christopher M, Fazio MA, Weinreb RN, Yang H, Zangwill LM. PMID: 41997474.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    3. A Novel Multimodal Implementation of a Foundation Artificial Intelligence Model Using Optic Nerve Head Fundus Photographs and OCT Imaging for Glaucoma Detection. Ophthalmol Sci. 2026 Feb; 6(2):101012. Chuter B, Joshi V, Hallaj S, Walker E, Bowd C, Belghith A, Goldbaum MH, Grzybowski A, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, De Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM, Christopher M. PMID: 41631246; PMCID: PMC12861149.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    4. Performance of General-Purpose Vision Language Models and Ophthalmology Foundation Models in Glaucoma Detection and Function Prediction. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2025 Nov 03; 14(11):31. Jalili J, Huynh J, Walker E, Chuter BG, Bowd C, Heinke A, Belghith A, Goldbaum MH, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, De Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Baxter SL, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM, Christopher M. PMID: 41258693; PMCID: PMC12641456.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    5. Glaucoma Detection and Structured OCT Report Generation via a Fine-tuned Multimodal Large Language Model. ArXiv. 2025 Oct 01. Jalili J, Gavhane Y, Walker E, Heinke A, Bowd C, Belghith A, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, De Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Baxter SL, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM, Christopher M. PMID: 41256877; PMCID: PMC12622204.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    6. Glaucoma detection in myopic eyes using deep learning autoencoder-based regions of interest. Front Ophthalmol (Lausanne). 2025; 5:1624015. Bowd C, Belghith A, Christopher M, Araie M, Iwase A, Tomita G, Ohno-Matsui K, Saito H, Murata H, Kikawa T, Sugiyama K, Higashide T, Miki A, Nakazawa T, Aihara M, Kim TW, Leung CKS, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 40831714; PMCID: PMC12358265.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1  
    7. Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D Deep Learning Classifiers for Glaucoma Detection: A Comparison of Cross-Domain and Device-Specific Models. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2025 Aug 01; 14(8):29. Belghith A, Bowd C, Weinreb RN, Jalili J, Christopher M, Zangwill LM. PMID: 40833328; PMCID: PMC12383880.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    8. Relationship of 24-2C Central Visual Field Damage to Juxtapapillary Choriocapillaris Dropout in Glaucoma Eyes With or Without Axial Myopia. J Glaucoma. 2025 09 01; 34(9):658-668. Jiravarnsirikul A, Belghith A, Rezapour J, Micheletti E, Nishida T, Moghimi S, Suh MH, Jonas JB, Walker E, Christopher M, Fazio MA, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 40536831.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    9. Deep Learning Approach Predicts Longitudinal Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Changes. Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 Jan 31; 12(2). Jalili J, Walker E, Bowd C, Belghith A, Goldbaum MH, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, De Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM, Christopher M. PMID: 40001659; PMCID: PMC11851649.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    10. Rates of Choriocapillaris Microvascular Dropout and Macular Structural Changes in Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy With and Without Myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2024 Nov; 267:257-270. Jiravarnsirikul A, Belghith A, Rezapour J, Micheletti E, Nishida T, Moghimi S, Suh MH, Jonas JB, Walker E, Christopher M, Fazio MA, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 38986858.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    11. Wide-Field Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Improves Rate of Change Detection in Progressing Glaucomatous Eyes Compared With Standard-Field Imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2024 07 01; 65(8):18. Bowd C, Belghith A, Rezapour J, Jonas JB, Hyman L, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 38980269; PMCID: PMC11235143.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    12. Diagnostic Accuracy of Optic Nerve Head and Macula OCT Parameters for Detecting Glaucoma in Eyes With and Without High Axial Myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2024 10; 266:77-91. Rezapour J, Walker E, Belghith A, Bowd C, Fazio MA, Jiravarnsirikul A, Hyman L, Jonas JB, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 38754801.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    13. Proactive Decision Support for Glaucoma Treatment: Predicting Surgical Interventions with Clinically Available Data. Bioengineering (Basel). 2024 Jan 30; 11(2). Christopher M, Gonzalez R, Huynh J, Walker E, Radha Saseendrakumar B, Bowd C, Belghith A, Goldbaum MH, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, De Moraes CG, Liebmann JM, Weinreb RN, Baxter SL, Zangwill LM. PMID: 38391627; PMCID: PMC10886033.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9  
    14. Relationship of Corneal Hysteresis and Anterior Lamina Cribrosa Displacement in Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020 04; 212:134-143. Wong BJ, Moghimi S, Zangwill LM, Christopher M, Belghith A, Ekici E, Bowd C, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, Weinreb RN. PMID: 31770514; PMCID: PMC7113091.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Racial Differences in the Association of Anterior Lamina Cribrosa Surface Depth and Glaucoma Severity in the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019 10 01; 60(13):4496-4502. Girkin CA, Fazio MA, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Weinreb RN, Liebmann JM, Proudfoot J, Zangwill LM, Belghith A. PMID: 31661550; PMCID: PMC6819052.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. Deep Learning Approaches Predict Glaucomatous Visual Field Damage from OCT Optic Nerve Head En Face Images and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Maps. Ophthalmology. 2020 03; 127(3):346-356. Christopher M, Bowd C, Belghith A, Goldbaum MH, Weinreb RN, Fazio MA, Girkin CA, Liebmann JM, Zangwill LM. PMID: 31718841; PMCID: PMC8063221.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 95     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    17. Performance of Deep Learning Architectures and Transfer Learning for Detecting Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy in Fundus Photographs. Sci Rep. 2018 11 12; 8(1):16685. Christopher M, Belghith A, Bowd C, Proudfoot JA, Goldbaum MH, Weinreb RN, Girkin CA, Liebmann JM, Zangwill LM. PMID: 30420630; PMCID: PMC6232132.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 118     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    18. Racial Differences in Rate of Change of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography-Measured Minimum Rim Width and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018 12; 196:154-164. Bowd C, Zangwill LM, Weinreb RN, Girkin CA, Fazio MA, Liebmann JM, Belghith A. PMID: 30195890; PMCID: PMC6258318.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    19. Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Features Identified by Unsupervised Machine Learning on Optical Coherence Tomography Scans Predict Glaucoma Progression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 06 01; 59(7):2748-2756. Christopher M, Belghith A, Weinreb RN, Bowd C, Goldbaum MH, Saunders LJ, Medeiros FA, Zangwill LM. PMID: 29860461; PMCID: PMC5983908.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 47     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    20. Automated Beta Zone Parapapillary Area Measurement to Differentiate Between Healthy and Glaucoma Eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018 07; 191:140-148. Manalastas PIC, Belghith A, Weinreb RN, Jonas JB, Suh MH, Yarmohammadi A, Medeiros FA, Girkin CA, Liebmann JM, Zangwill LM. PMID: 29750949; PMCID: PMC6173207.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. Deep-Layer Microvasculature Dropout by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Microstructure of Parapapillary Atrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 04 01; 59(5):1995-2004. Suh MH, Zangwill LM, Manalastas PIC, Belghith A, Yarmohammadi A, Akagi T, Diniz-Filho A, Saunders L, Weinreb RN. PMID: 29677362; PMCID: PMC5907515.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    22. A Longitudinal Analysis of Peripapillary Choroidal Thinning in Healthy and Glaucoma Subjects. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018 02; 186:89-95. Mundae RS, Zangwill LM, Kabbara SW, Hammel N, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Girkin CA, Liebmann JM, Weinreb RN, Belghith A. PMID: 29103960; PMCID: PMC5805594.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    23. Reproducibility of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Macular and Optic Nerve Head Vascular Density in Glaucoma and Healthy Eyes. J Glaucoma. 2017 Oct; 26(10):851-859. Manalastas PIC, Zangwill LM, Saunders LJ, Mansouri K, Belghith A, Suh MH, Yarmohammadi A, Penteado RC, Akagi T, Shoji T, Weinreb RN. PMID: 28858159; PMCID: PMC5633505.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 68     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    24. Comparing optical coherence tomography radial and cube scan patterns for measuring Bruch's membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) in glaucoma and healthy eyes: cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018 03; 102(3):344-351. Kabbara SW, Zangwill LM, Mundae R, Hammel N, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Weinreb RN, Belghith A. PMID: 28774935.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    25. Automated circumferential construction of first-order aqueous humor outflow pathways using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt. 2017 06 01; 22(6):66010. Huang AS, Belghith A, Dastiridou A, Chopra V, Zangwill LM, Weinreb RN. PMID: 28617922; PMCID: PMC5472236.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. Comparing the Rates of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Loss in Healthy Eyes and in Glaucoma Eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun; 178:38-50. Hammel N, Belghith A, Weinreb RN, Medeiros FA, Mendoza N, Zangwill LM. PMID: 28315655.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 64     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    27. Estimating Optical Coherence Tomography Structural Measurement Floors to Improve Detection of Progression in Advanced Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Mar; 175:37-44. Bowd C, Zangwill LM, Weinreb RN, Medeiros FA, Belghith A. PMID: 27914978; PMCID: PMC5337134.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 108     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsCTClinical Trials
    28. Deep Retinal Layer Microvasculature Dropout Detected by the Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2016 12; 123(12):2509-2518. Suh MH, Zangwill LM, Manalastas PI, Belghith A, Yarmohammadi A, Medeiros FA, Diniz-Filho A, Saunders LJ, Weinreb RN. PMID: 27769587; PMCID: PMC5360450.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 105     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    29. Relationship between Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density and Severity of Visual Field Loss in Glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2016 12; 123(12):2498-2508. Yarmohammadi A, Zangwill LM, Diniz-Filho A, Suh MH, Yousefi S, Saunders LJ, Belghith A, Manalastas PI, Medeiros FA, Weinreb RN. PMID: 27726964; PMCID: PMC5362128.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 210     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    30. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density in Glaucomatous Eyes with Focal Lamina Cribrosa Defects. Ophthalmology. 2016 11; 123(11):2309-2317. Suh MH, Zangwill LM, Manalastas PI, Belghith A, Yarmohammadi A, Medeiros FA, Diniz-Filho A, Saunders LJ, Yousefi S, Weinreb RN. PMID: 27592175; PMCID: PMC5360451.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 59     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsCTClinical Trials
    31. Macular Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in Glaucomatous Eyes with Localized Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defects. PLoS One. 2016; 11(8):e0160549. Zhang C, Tatham AJ, Abe RY, Hammel N, Belghith A, Weinreb RN, Medeiros FA, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Zangwill LM. PMID: 27537107; PMCID: PMC4990273.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    32. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density in Healthy, Glaucoma Suspect, and Glaucoma Eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 07 01; 57(9):OCT451-9. Yarmohammadi A, Zangwill LM, Diniz-Filho A, Suh MH, Manalastas PI, Fatehee N, Yousefi S, Belghith A, Saunders LJ, Medeiros FA, Huang D, Weinreb RN. PMID: 27409505; PMCID: PMC4968912.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 232     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    33. Structural Change Can Be Detected in Advanced-Glaucoma Eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 07 01; 57(9):OCT511-8. Belghith A, Medeiros FA, Bowd C, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 27454660; PMCID: PMC4968923.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 38     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    34. Does the Location of Bruch's Membrane Opening Change Over Time? Longitudinal Analysis Using San Diego Automated Layer Segmentation Algorithm (SALSA). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Feb; 57(2):675-82. Belghith A, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Hammel N, Yang Z, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 26906156; PMCID: PMC4771177.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. Rate and Pattern of Rim Area Loss in Healthy and Progressing Glaucoma Eyes. Ophthalmology. 2016 Apr; 123(4):760-70. Hammel N, Belghith A, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Sharpsten L, Mendoza N, Tatham AJ, Khachatryan N, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 26746597; PMCID: PMC4808425.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    36. Vessel Delineation in Retinal Images using Leung-Malik filters and Two Levels Hierarchical Learning. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2015; 2015:1140-7. Varnousfaderani ES, Yousefi S, Bowd C, Belghith A, Goldbaum MH. PMID: 26958253; PMCID: PMC4765663.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    37. Detecting glaucomatous change in visual fields: Analysis with an optimization framework. J Biomed Inform. 2015 Dec; 58:96-103. Yousefi S, Goldbaum MH, Varnousfaderani ES, Belghith A, Jung TP, Medeiros FA, Zangwill LM, Weinreb RN, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Bowd C. PMID: 26440445; PMCID: PMC4684767.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    38. A sustained intravitreal drug delivery system with remote real time monitoring capability. Acta Biomater. 2015 Sep; 24:309-21. Hou H, Nieto A, Belghith A, Nan K, Li Y, Freeman WR, Sailor MJ, Cheng L. PMID: 26087110; PMCID: PMC4560601.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    39. Learning from healthy and stable eyes: A new approach for detection of glaucomatous progression. Artif Intell Med. 2015 Jun; 64(2):105-15. Belghith A, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Balasubramanian M, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 25940856; PMCID: PMC4465989.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    40. Glaucoma progression detection using nonlocal Markov random field prior. J Med Imaging (Bellingham). 2014 Oct; 1(3):034504. Belghith A, Bowd C, Medeiros FA, Balasubramanian M, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 26158069; PMCID: PMC4478777.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5  
    41. A joint estimation detection of Glaucoma progression in 3D spectral domain optical coherence tomography optic nerve head images. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2014 Mar 18; 9035:90350O. Belghith A, Bowd C, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 25606299; PMCID: PMC4297669.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4  
    42. A unified framework for glaucoma progression detection using Heidelberg Retina Tomograph images. Comput Med Imaging Graph. 2014 Jul; 38(5):411-20. Belghith A, Balasubramanian M, Bowd C, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 24709053; PMCID: PMC4053521.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    43. A hierarchical framework for estimating neuroretinal rim area using 3D spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) optic nerve head (ONH) images of healthy and glaucoma eyes. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2014; 2014:3869-72. Belghith A, Bowd C, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM. PMID: 25570836.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    44. Segmentation of respiratory signals by evidence theory. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2009; 2009:1905-8. Belghith A, Collet C. PMID: 19963773.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
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