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Erik Viirre

Title(s)Adjunct Professor, Neurosciences
SchoolHealth Sciences
Address9500 Gilman Drive #0970
La Jolla CA 92093
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    Dr. Viirre specializes in neurotology (diagnosis and outpatient treatment of vertigo, balance disorders, and tinnitus). He has been with the UCSD Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology since 1998. A member of numerous scientific boards, Dr. Viirre is also an Associate Research Professor in the UCSD Department of Cognitive Science and the Director of the Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory at the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego.

    As a biomedical researcher and neurophysiologist, Dr. Viirre’s interests include investigation of the origin and management of vertigo and tinnitus, including management of vertigo with virtual reality techniques. He has carried out clinical trials on medical assessment and treatment of neurotologic disorders such as benign positional vertigo and migraine, and has been working on development of a tinnitus therapy program for patients. He also collaborates with cognitive scientists and engineers in the development of systems to assess cognitive state during human-computer interactions.

    Dr. Viirre is a teacher, mentor, and advisor to medical students, post-graduate students, otolaryngology residents, and fellows, in clinical work as well as research. He attended the University of Western Ontario, where he earned his PhD in Physiology in 1987 and his MD in 1988. He did post-graduate work at the International Space University at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, followed by clinical and research work in neurotology at the London Ear Clinic in Ontario, Canada.

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    ADAPTATION OF THE VOR TO MAXIMIZE GAIN CHANGES
    NIH R03DC003507Feb 1, 1999 - Jan 31, 2001
    Role: Principal Investigator
    PORTABLE EYE TRACKING--HMD FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
    NIH R41NS035152Sep 8, 1995 - Aug 31, 1997
    Role: Principal Investigator

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    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Iodixanol nasal solution reduces allergic rhinoconjunctivitis signs and symptoms in Allergen BioCube®: a randomized clinical trial. J Asthma Allergy. 2019; 12:71-81. Gomes PJ, Abelson MB, Stein L, Viirre E, Villafranca JE, Lasser EC. PMID: 30881050.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    2. Preliminary study of hearing protection and non-impact, blast-induced concussion in US military personnel. Brain Inj. 2018; 32(11):1423-1428. Dougherty AL, MacGregor AJ, Viirre E, Clouser MC, Han PP, Quinn KH, Galarneau MR. PMID: 30001164.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    3. Correction for Gonzalez et al., "Migraines Are Correlated with Higher Levels of Nitrate-, Nitrite-, and Nitric Oxide-Reducing Oral Microbes in the American Gut Project Cohort". mSystems. 2017 Mar-Apr; 2(2). Gonzalez A, Hyde E, Sangwan N, Gilbert JA, Viirre E, Knight R. PMID: 28428981.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    4. Migraines Are Correlated with Higher Levels of Nitrate-, Nitrite-, and Nitric Oxide-Reducing Oral Microbes in the American Gut Project Cohort. mSystems. 2016 Sep-Oct; 1(5). Gonzalez A, Hyde E, Sangwan N, Gilbert JA, Viirre E, Knight R. PMID: 27822557.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    5. Head stabilization measurements as a potential evaluation tool for comparison of persons with TBI and vestibular dysfunction with healthy controls. Mil Med. 2015 Mar; 180(3 Suppl):135-42. Sessoms PH, Gottshall KR, Sturdy J, Viirre E. PMID: 25747644.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    6. Dynamic assessment of binocular eye movement coordination: norms and functional implications. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol. 2014; 3(1):31-7. Viirre E. PMID: 24804278.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    7. Blast-related ear injuries among U.S. military personnel. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2013; 50(6):893-904. Dougherty AL, MacGregor AJ, Han PP, Viirre E, Heltemes KJ, Galarneau MR. PMID: 24030196.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. Perceived stigma and barriers to mental health care in Marines attending the Combat Operational Stress Control program. Mil Med. 2012 Oct; 177(10):1143-8. Momen N, Strychacz CP, Viirre E. PMID: 23113439.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    9. High altitude headache and acute mountain sickness at moderate elevations in a military population during battalion-level training exercises. Mil Med. 2012 Aug; 177(8):917-23. Norris JN, Viirre E, Aralis H, Sracic MK, Thomas D, Gertsch JH. PMID: 22934370.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    10. Unsteadiness and drunkenness sensations as a new sub-type of BPPV. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord). 2011; 132(2):75-80. Richard-Vitton T, Viirre E. PMID: 22416485.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    11. Vestibular migraine may be an important cause of dizziness/vertigo in perimenopausal period. Med Hypotheses. 2010 Nov; 75(5):409-14. Park JH, Viirre E. PMID: 20692105.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    12. The clinical differentiation of cerebellar infarction from common vertigo syndromes. West J Emerg Med. 2009 Nov; 10(4):273-7. Nelson JA, Viirre E. PMID: 20046249.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    
    13. Epidemiologic study to explore links between Ménière syndrome and migraine headache. Ear Nose Throat J. 2009 Nov; 88(11):1200-4. Gopen Q, Viirre E, Anderson J. PMID: 19924661.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. Migraine-related vertigo: a common and important disorder. Eur J Neurol. 2009 Sep; 16(9):966-7. Viirre E. PMID: 19614960.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Quantitative electroencephalography for tinnitus--a means for data collection, analysis, and translation. Int Tinnitus J. 2009; 15(2):149-53. Viirre ES. PMID: 20420339.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. Effects of caffeine on postural stability. Int Tinnitus J. 2009; 15(2):161-3. Enriquez A, Sklaar J, Viirre E, Chase B. PMID: 20420341.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    17. Tinnitus treatment with customized sounds. Int Tinnitus J. 2008; 14(1):17-25. Pineda JA, Moore FR, Viirre E. PMID: 18616082.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    18. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavior therapy for tinnitus. Int Tinnitus J. 2008; 14(2):119-26. Robinson SK, Viirre ES, Bailey KA, Kindermann S, Minassian AL, Goldin PR, Pedrelli P, Harris JP, McQuaid JR. PMID: 19205162.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    19. Zero G in a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet. 2007 Aug 18; 370(9587):566. Mackenzie I, Viirre E, Vanderploeg JM, Chilvers ER. PMID: 17707750.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    20. Task performance and eye activity: predicting behavior relating to cognitive workload. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007 May; 78(5 Suppl):B176-85. Tsai YF, Viirre E, Strychacz C, Chase B, Jung TP. PMID: 17547318.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. Cognitive neuroscience in tinnitus research: a current review. Int Tinnitus J. 2007; 13(2):110-7. Viirre E. PMID: 18229790.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    22. Antidepressant therapy in tinnitus. Hear Res. 2007 Apr; 226(1-2):221-31. Robinson SK, Viirre ES, Stein MB. PMID: 16973315.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    23. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the treatment of nondepressed tinnitus subjects. Psychosom Med. 2005 Nov-Dec; 67(6):981-8. Robinson SK, Viirre ES, Bailey KA, Gerke MA, Harris JP, Stein MB. PMID: 16314604.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    24. The Dix-Hallpike test and the canalith repositioning maneuver. Laryngoscope. 2005 Jan; 115(1):184-7. Viirre E, Purcell I, Baloh RW. PMID: 15630391.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    25. Vertigo in virtual reality with haptics: case report. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003 Aug; 6(4):429-31. Viirre E, Ellisman M. PMID: 14511456.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. Quantitative measurement of vertigo frequency: preliminary results. J Vestib Res. 2003; 13(1):53-6. Zalewski-Zaragoza RA, Viirre ES. PMID: 14646024.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    27. Relationship of tinnitus questionnaires to depressive symptoms, quality of well-being, and internal focus. Int Tinnitus J. 2003; 9(2):97-103. Robinson SK, McQuaid JR, Viirre ES, Betzig LL, Miller DL, Bailey KA, Harris JP, Perry W. PMID: 15106282.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. Lateral inhibition in the auditory cortex: an EEG index of tinnitus? Neuroreport. 2002 Mar 25; 13(4):443-6. Kadner A, Viirre E, Wester DC, Walsh SF, Hestenes J, Vankov A, Pineda JA. PMID: 11930157.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    29. Vestibular rehabilitation using visual displays: preliminary study. Laryngoscope. 2002 Mar; 112(3):500-3. Viirre E, Sitarz R. PMID: 12148861.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    30. The virtual retinal display as a low-vision computer interface: a pilot study. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2001 Jul-Aug; 38(4):431-42. Kleweno CP, Seibel EJ, Viirre ES, Kelly JP, Furness TA. PMID: 11563496.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    31. Intractable benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in patients with Meniere's disease. Laryngoscope. 2000 Apr; 110(4):655-9. Gross EM, Ress BD, Viirre ES, Nelson JR, Harris JP. PMID: 10764014.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    32. Adaptation of the VOR in patients with low VOR gains. J Vestib Res. 1998 Jul-Aug; 8(4):331-4. Viirre E, Draper M, Gailey C, Miller D, Furness T. PMID: 9652483.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. The virtual retinal display: a new technology for virtual reality and augmented vision in medicine. Stud Health Technol Inform. 1998; 50:252-7. Viirre E, Pryor H, Nagata S, Furness TA. PMID: 10180549.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    34. Assessing a VR-based learning environment for anatomy education. Stud Health Technol Inform. 1998; 50:336-40. Hoffman H, Murray M, Hettinger L, Viirre E. PMID: 10180563.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. Laser safety analysis of a retinal scanning display system. J Laser Appl. 1997 Oct; 9(5):253-60. Viirre E, Johnston R, Pryor H, Nagata S, Furness TA. PMID: 10174266.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    36. A magnetic resonance imaging study of double elevator palsy. Can J Ophthalmol. 1997 Jun; 32(4):250-3. Cadera W, Bloom JN, Karlik S, Viirre E. PMID: 9199832.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    37. The human horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex during combined linear and angular acceleration. Exp Brain Res. 1997 Apr; 114(2):304-20. Crane BT, Viirre ES, Demer JL. PMID: 9166920.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    38. Remote medical consultation for vestibular disorders: technological solutions and case report. Telemed J. 1997; 3(1):53-8. Viirre E, Warner D, Balch D, Nelson JR. PMID: 10166445.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    39. The human vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex during combined linear and angular acceleration with near-target fixation. Exp Brain Res. 1996 Nov; 112(2):313-24. Viirre ES, Demer JL. PMID: 8951399.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    40. Visual-vestibular interaction during standing, walking, and running. J Vestib Res. 1996 Jul-Aug; 6(4):295-313. Demer JL, Viirre ES. PMID: 8839825.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    41. The vestibulo-ocular reflex during horizontal axis eccentric rotation and near target fixation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Jun 19; 781:706-8. Viirre ES, Demer JL. PMID: 8694483.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    42. Vestibular telemedicine and rehabilitation. Applications for virtual reality. Stud Health Technol Inform. 1996; 29:299-305. Viirre E. PMID: 10163763.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    43. Migraine as a cause of sudden hearing loss. Headache. 1996 Jan; 36(1):24-8. Viirre ES, Baloh RW. PMID: 8666532.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    44. Distributed medical intelligence. A systems approach for developing and integrative health care information distribution infrastructure. Stud Health Technol Inform. 1996; 29:80-3. Warner D, Sale J, Viirre E. PMID: 10163797.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    45. Ocular pursuit movement assessment by magnetic resonance imaging. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1994 Jul-Aug; 31(4):265-6. Cadera W, Karlik SJ, Viirre E, Bloom JN. PMID: 7807306.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    46. Cine magnetic resonance imaging of ocular motility. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1992 Mar-Apr; 29(2):120-2. Cadera W, Viirre E, Karlik S. PMID: 1588474.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    47. Monocular adaptation of the saccadic system and vestibulo-ocular reflex. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988 Aug; 29(8):1339-47. Viirre E, Cadera W, Vilis T. PMID: 3417418.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    48. The pattern of changes produced in the saccadic system and vestibuloocular reflex by visually patching one eye. J Neurophysiol. 1987 Jan; 57(1):92-103. Viirre E, Cadera W, Vilis T. PMID: 3559683.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    49. Prenatal ethanol exposure alters rat brain morphology but does not affect amygdaloid kindling. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1986 Nov-Dec; 8(6):615-20. Viirre E, Cain DP, Ossenkopp KP. PMID: 3808176.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    50. A reexamination of the gain of the vestibuloocular reflex. J Neurophysiol. 1986 Aug; 56(2):439-50. Viirre E, Tweed D, Milner K, Vilis T. PMID: 3489820.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 56     Fields:    Translation:Animals
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