Lotus Mcdougal

Title(s)	Assistant Adjunct Professor, Medicine
School	Vc-health Sciences-schools
Address	9500 Gilman Drive # La Jolla CA 92093
ORCID	0000-0002-3002-0489
vCard	Download vCard

Bibliographic

selected publications

Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.

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Post-abortion contraceptive use among currently married women in India: New evidence from National Family Health Survey 2019-2021 (NFHS-5). PLoS One. 2025; 20(5):e0322784. Jose J, Kannaujiya AK, Kumar K, McDougal L, Hay K, Singh A. PMID: 40424259.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
The state of postpartum contraceptive use in India: descriptive lessons from nationally representative survey data. Reprod Health. 2025 Mar 13; 22(1):39. Johns NE, Singh A, Ambast S, Bhan N, Hay K, Patwardhan V, McDougal L. PMID: 40075525; PMCID: PMC11905474.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Rep Reproductive Medicine
Translation:Humans
Are Households Affected by Intimate Partner Violence Less Likely to Enroll Children into Early Education in India: Findings from the Fifth National Family Health Survey, 2019 to 2021. J Interpers Violence. 2024 Dec 27; 8862605241308294. Li H, Dey AK, Singh A, McDougal L, Hay K, Raj A. PMID: 39727213.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Soc Social Sciences
Using the 5C Vaccine Hesitancy Framework to Elucidate and Measure Contraceptive Acceptability in sub-Saharan Africa. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2024 Dec 20; 12(6). McDougal L, Deignan C, Kisaakye P, McLarnon C, Lundgren R, Pryor S, Fabic MS. PMID: 39586642; PMCID: PMC11666076.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Pub Public Health
Association between sexual violence and depression is mediated by perceived social support among female university students in the kingdom of Eswatini. BMC Public Health. 2024 09 17; 24(1):2526. Fielding-Miller R, McDougal L, Frost E, Masuku S, Shabalala F. PMID: 39289704; PMCID: PMC11406860.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Pub Public Health
Translation:Humans
The EMERGE framework to measure empowerment for health and development. Soc Sci Med. 2024 06; 351(Suppl 1):116879. Raj A, Dey A, Rao N, Yore J, McDougal L, Bhan N, Silverman JG, Hay K, Thomas EE, Fotso JC, Lundgren R. PMID: 38825382.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Hea Health Services Soc Social Sciences
Translation:Humans
The Association Between Self-Managed versus Clinician-Managed Abortion and Self-Reported Abortion Complications: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in India. Int J Womens Health. 2023; 15:1467-1473. Goemans S, Singh A, Yadav AK, McDougal L, Raj A, Averbach SH. PMID: 37795194; PMCID: PMC10545903.

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Determinants of parent-reported child mental health status in San Diego public schools during the height of the COVID-19 omicron outbreak: A serial cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2023; 18(7):e0288628. McDougal L, Majnoonian A, Stone G, Fielding-Miller R. PMID: 37494385; PMCID: PMC10370770.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
Translation:Humans Cells PHPublic Health
Long-term health and human capital effects of in utero exposure to an industrial disaster: a spatial difference-in-differences analysis of the Bhopal gas tragedy. BMJ Open. 2023 06 13; 13(6):e066733. McCord GC, Bharadwaj P, McDougal L, Kaushik A, Raj A. PMID: 37311631; PMCID: PMC10335451.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Med Medicine (General)
Translation:Humans
Effects of the reaching married adolescents program on modern contraceptive use and intimate partner violence: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial among married adolescent girls and their husbands in Dosso, Niger. Reprod Health. 2023 Jun 05; 20(1):83. Silverman JG, Brooks MI, Aliou S, Johns NE, Challa S, Nouhou AM, Tomar S, Baker H, Boyce SC, McDougal L, DeLong S, Raj A. PMID: 37277837; PMCID: PMC10243049.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 7 Fields:
Rep Reproductive Medicine
Translation:Humans
Using machine learning to understand determinants of IUD use in India: Analyses of the National Family Health Surveys (NFHS-4). SSM Popul Health. 2022 Sep; 19:101234. Dey AK, Dehingia N, Bhan N, Thomas EE, McDougal L, Averbach S, McAuley J, Singh A, Raj A. PMID: 36203476; PMCID: PMC9529578.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1
COVID-19 burden, author affiliation and women's well-being: A bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 related publications including focus on low- and middle-income countries. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Oct; 52:101606. McDougal L, Dehingia N, Cheung WW, Dixit A, Raj A. PMID: 35936025; PMCID: PMC9347236.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3
Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on refugee communities in San Diego, California: A participatory action research cross-sectional study. SSM Popul Health. 2022 Jun; 18:101110. McDougal L, Erikat J, Yusufi H, Sahid R, Streuli S, Fielding-Miller R. PMID: 35531469; PMCID: PMC9054704.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5
Measuring the impacts of maternal child marriage and maternal intimate partner violence and the moderating effects of proximity to conflict on stunting among children under 5 in post-conflict Sri Lanka. SSM Popul Health. 2022 Jun; 18:101074. Fonseka RW, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman JG. PMID: 35378865; PMCID: PMC8976144.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3
A mediation analysis of the role of girl child marriage in the relationship between proximity to conflict and past-year intimate partner violence in post-conflict Sri Lanka. Confl Health. 2022 Feb 14; 16(1):5. Fonseka RW, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman JG. PMID: 35164806; PMCID: PMC8842814.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3
Help seeking behavior by women experiencing intimate partner violence in india: A machine learning approach to identifying risk factors. PLoS One. 2022; 17(2):e0262538. Dehingia N, Dey AK, McDougal L, McAuley J, Singh A, Raj A. PMID: 35113886; PMCID: PMC8813002.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 6 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
Translation:Humans
The association between intimate partner violence and recent self-managed abortion in India. AJOG Glob Rep. 2021 Nov; 1(4). Goemans SL, Singh A, Yadav AK, McDougal L, Raj A, Averbach SH. PMID: 35291317; PMCID: PMC8920295.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5
COVID-19-Related Financial Hardship, Job Loss, and Mental Health Symptoms: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Agrarian Community in India. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 08 16; 18(16). Chatterji S, McDougal L, Johns N, Ghule M, Rao N, Raj A. PMID: 34444394; PMCID: PMC8395012.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 17 Fields:
Env Environmental Health Pub Public Health
Translation:Humans Cells PHPublic Health
Machine learning analysis of non-marital sexual violence in India. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Sep; 39:101046. Raj A, Dehingia N, Singh A, McAuley J, McDougal L. PMID: 34401685; PMCID: PMC8350001.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3
Planning for work: Exploring the relationship between contraceptive use and women's sector-specific employment in India. PLoS One. 2021; 16(3):e0248391. McDougal L, Singh A, Kumar K, Dehingia N, Barros AJD, Ewerling F, Atmavilas Y, Raj A. PMID: 33705471; PMCID: PMC7951869.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
Translation:Humans
Household sanitation access and risk for non-marital sexual violence among a nationally representative sample of women in India, 2015-16. SSM Popul Health. 2021 Mar; 13:100738. Kayser GL, Chokhandre P, Rao N, Singh A, McDougal L, Raj A. PMID: 33665330; PMCID: PMC7903128.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 4
Application of machine learning to understand child marriage in India. SSM Popul Health. 2020 Dec; 12:100687. Raj A, Dehingia N, Singh A, McDougal L, McAuley J. PMID: 33335970; PMCID: PMC7732880.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5
Mapping the patchwork: Exploring the subnational heterogeneity of child marriage in India. SSM Popul Health. 2020 Dec; 12:100688. McDougal L, Shakya H, Dehingia N, Lapsansky C, Conrad D, Bhan N, Singh A, McDougal TL, Raj A. PMID: 33319026; PMCID: PMC7726340.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 9
Exploring the relationship between spousal violence during pregnancy and subsequent postpartum spacing contraception among first-time mothers in India. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Jun; 23:100414. McDougal L, Silverman JG, Singh A, Raj A. PMID: 32639480; PMCID: PMC7329749.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 7
Spatial analysis of individual- and village-level sociodemographic characteristics associated with age at marriage among married adolescents in rural Niger. BMC Public Health. 2020 May 19; 20(1):729. Shakya HB, Weeks J, Challa S, Fleming PJ, Cislaghi B, McDougal L, Boyce SC, Raj A, Silverman JG. PMID: 32429949; PMCID: PMC7238637.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5 Fields:
Pub Public Health
Translation:Humans
Freedom of Movement and Adolescent Sexual Violence in India. J Interpers Violence. 2022 01; 37(1-2):NP925-NP943. Raj A, Singh A, Silverman JG, Bhan N, Barker KM, McDougal L. PMID: 32401132; PMCID: PMC10734903.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Soc Social Sciences
Translation:Humans
Access to women physicians and uptake of reproductive, maternal and child health services in India. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar; 20:100309. Bhan N, McDougal L, Singh A, Atmavilas Y, Raj A. PMID: 32300752; PMCID: PMC7152807.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 7
Financial inclusion and intimate partner violence: What does the evidence suggest? PLoS One. 2019; 14(10):e0223721. McDougal L, Klugman J, Dehingia N, Trivedi A, Raj A. PMID: 31618219; PMCID: PMC6795492.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
Translation:Humans
Associations Between Sex Composition of Older Siblings and Infant Mortality in India from 1992 to 2016. EClinicalMedicine. 2019 Sep; 14:14-22. Raj A, Johns NE, McDougal L, Trivedi A, Bharadwaj P, Silverman JG, Kumar K, Ladusingh L, Singh A. PMID: 31709398; PMCID: PMC6833454.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 4
More than credit: Exploring associations between microcredit programs and maternal and reproductive health service utilization in India. SSM Popul Health. 2019 Dec; 9:100467. Dehingia N, Singh A, Raj A, McDougal L. PMID: 31463356; PMCID: PMC6706634.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 4
Effects of Parent-Child Relationships on Child Marriage of Girls in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam: Evidence From a Prospective Cohort. J Adolesc Health. 2019 10; 65(4):498-506. Bhan N, Gautsch L, McDougal L, Lapsansky C, Obregon R, Raj A. PMID: 31279722.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 8 Fields:
Ped Pediatrics
Translation:Humans
Students and brides: a qualitative analysis of the relationship between girls' education and early marriage in Ethiopia and India. BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 07; 19(1):19. Raj A, Salazar M, Jackson EC, Wyss N, McClendon KA, Khanna A, Belayneh Y, McDougal L. PMID: 30612553; PMCID: PMC6322316.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 23 Fields:
Pub Public Health
Translation:Humans
Releasing the Tide: How Has a Shock to the Acceptability of Gender-Based Sexual Violence Affected Rape Reporting to Police in India? J Interpers Violence. 2021 06; 36(11-12):NP5921-NP5943. McDougal L, Krumholz S, Bhan N, Bharadwaj P, Raj A. PMID: 30442046.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 7 Fields:
Soc Social Sciences
Translation:Humans
Beyond the statistic: exploring the process of early marriage decision-making using qualitative findings from Ethiopia and India. BMC Womens Health. 2018 08 24; 18(1):144. McDougal L, Jackson EC, McClendon KA, Belayneh Y, Sinha A, Raj A. PMID: 30143040; PMCID: PMC6109273.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 30 Fields:
Wom Women's Health
Translation:Humans
Associations of intimate partner violence with postnatal health practices in Bihar, India. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017 Nov 29; 17(1):398. Boyce SC, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Atmavilas Y, Dhar D, Hay K, Raj A. PMID: 29187158; PMCID: PMC5706152.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 12 Fields:
Obs Obstetrics
Translation:Humans
Intersections of girl child marriage and family planning beliefs and use: qualitative findings from Ethiopia and India. Cult Health Sex. 2018 07; 20(7):799-814. McClendon KA, McDougal L, Ayyaluru S, Belayneh Y, Sinha A, Silverman JG, Raj A. PMID: 29043910.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 17 Fields:
Beh Behavioral Sciences Soc Social Sciences
Translation:Humans
Leaving no one behind: can the Family Planning Estimation Tool help? Lancet Glob Health. 2017 03; 5(3):e242-e243. Raj A, McDougal L. PMID: 28193384.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 6 Fields:
Pub Public Health
Translation:Humans
Making the continuum of care work for mothers and infants: Does gender equity matter? Findings from a quasi-experimental study in Bihar, India. PLoS One. 2017; 12(2):e0171002. McDougal L, Atmavilas Y, Hay K, Silverman JG, Tarigopula UK, Raj A. PMID: 28146586; PMCID: PMC5287473.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 17 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
Translation:Humans
Linkages Within the Reproductive and Maternal Health Continuum of Care in Bangladesh. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2016 07; 28(5):423-37. McDougal L, Rusch ML, Silverman JG, Raj A. PMID: 27371578.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 4 Fields:
Pub Public Health
Translation:Humans
Associations of marital violence with different forms of contraception: cross-sectional findings from South Asia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015 Aug; 130 Suppl 3:E56-61. Raj A, McDougal L, Reed E, Silverman JG. PMID: 25997632; PMCID: PMC4556558.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 20 Fields:
Gyn Gynecology Obs Obstetrics
Translation:Humans
Associations of intimate partner violence with unintended pregnancy and pre-pregnancy contraceptive use in South Asia. Contraception. 2015 Jun; 91(6):456-63. Raj A, McDougal L. PMID: 25769441; PMCID: PMC4442030.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 27 Fields:
Rep Reproductive Medicine
Translation:Humans
Gendered effects of siblings on child malnutrition in South Asia: cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health surveys from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. Matern Child Health J. 2015 Jan; 19(1):217-26. Raj A, McDougal LP, Silverman JG. PMID: 24889112; PMCID: PMC4254892.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 21 Fields:
Per Perinatology
Translation:Humans
Cross-sectional time series analysis of associations between education and girl child marriage in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan, 1991-2011. PLoS One. 2014; 9(9):e106210. Raj A, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Rusch ML. PMID: 25203635; PMCID: PMC4159189.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 25 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)Sci Science
Translation:Humans
Sexual violence and rape in India. Lancet. 2014 Mar 08; 383(9920):865. Raj A, McDougal L. PMID: 24607092.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 17 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)
Translation:Humans
Effects of young maternal age and short interpregnancy interval on infant mortality in South Asia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014 Jan; 124(1):86-7. Raj A, McDougal L, Rusch ML. PMID: 24156988; PMCID: PMC4058333.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 16 Fields:
Gyn Gynecology Obs Obstetrics
Translation:Humans
Association between having no sons and using no contraception among a nationally representative sample of young wives in Nepal. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2013 May; 121(2):162-5. Raj A, Vilms RJ, McDougal L, Silverman JG. PMID: 23474019; PMCID: PMC3736721.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 6 Fields:
Gyn Gynecology Obs Obstetrics
Translation:Humans
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and sexual violence among female sex workers who inject drugs on the United States-Mexico border. Violence Vict. 2013; 28(3):496-512. McDougal L, Strathdee SA, Rangel G, Martinez G, Vera A, Sirotin N, Stockman JK, Ulibarri MD, Raj A. PMID: 23862312; PMCID: PMC3963834.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 10 Fields:
Beh Behavioral Sciences Psy Psychology
Translation:Humans
Lesotho's minimum PMTCT package: lessons learned for combating vertical HIV transmission using co-packaged medicines. J Int AIDS Soc. 2012 Dec 26; 15(2):17326. McDougal L, Moteetee MM, Mohai F, Mphale M, Mahanty B, Motaung B, Ankrah V, Reynolds M, Legins K, Tiam A, Luo C, McClure C, Binkin N. PMID: 23273267; PMCID: PMC3531330.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5 Fields:
Acq Acquired Immunodeficiency Synd
Translation:Humans PHPublic Health CTClinical Trials
Changes in prevalence of girl child marriage in South Asia. JAMA. 2012 May 16; 307(19):2027-9. Raj A, McDougal L, Rusch ML. PMID: 22665097; PMCID: PMC4386922.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 13 Fields:
Med Medicine (General)
Translation:Humans