John Finneran

Title(s)	Associate Clinical Professor, Anesthesiology
School	Vc-health Sciences-schools
Address	9500 Gilman Drive # La Jolla CA 92093
Email	jfinneran@ucsd.edu
vCard	Download vCard

Biography

Education and Training

UC San Diego, San Diego	Fellowship	07/2017	Regional Anesthesiology and Acute Pain
UC San Diego, San Diego	Residency	07/2016	Anesthesiology
Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA	Internship	07/2013	General Surgery
UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA	MD	06/2012	Medicine

Awards and Honors

UCSD Department of Anesthesiology	2019		Whitehill Prize for Excellence in Teaching
UCSD Anesthesiology Residency	2019		CA-2 House Staff Outstanding Teaching Award

Bibliographic

Publications

Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.

Altmetrics Details

PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.

Treating intractable postamputation pain with wearable, non-invasive, non-thermal, pulsed shortwave (radiofrequency) therapy: a randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled, crossover pilot study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024 Feb 21. Ilfeld BM, Cha BJ, Qian AS, Finneran JJ, Said ET, Abdullah B. PMID: 38388013.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Percutaneous auricular neuromodulation (nerve stimulation) for the treatment of pain following cholecystectomy and hernia repair: a randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled pilot study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024 Feb 21. Ilfeld BM, Abramson WB, Alexander B, Sztain JF, Said ET, Broderick RC, Sandler BJ, Doucet JJ, Adams LM, Abdullah B, Cha BJ, Finneran JJ. PMID: 38388014.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Percutaneous auricular neuromodulation (nerve stimulation) for the treatment of pain following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled pilot study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024 Feb 21. Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ, Alexander B, Abramson WB, Sztain JF, Ball ST, Gonzales FB, Abdullah B, Cha BJ, Said ET. PMID: 38388019.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Cryoneurolysis for Perioperative Analgesia Following Major Lower Extremity Amputation: A Randomized, Participant- and Observer-Masked, Sham-Controlled Pilot Study. Cureus. 2024 Feb; 16(2):e53563. Finneran JJ, Schwartz AK, Girard PJ, Kent WT, Al-Nouri O, Trescot A, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 38445120; PMCID: PMC10914084.

View in: PubMed Mentions:
Femoral-popliteal bypass graft: a caveat when performing an adductor canal block. Can J Anaesth. 2023 Oct 19. Vitug SJ, Meller LLT, Finneran JJ. PMID: 37857802.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Erector spinae plane blocks for analgesia after percutaneous nephrolithotomy A pathway to reduce opioids. Can Urol Assoc J. 2023 Oct; 17(10):E330-E335. Berger JH, Abdou W, Roberts JL, Leach M, Ryan JF, Attaluri SV, Finneran JJ, Sur RL, Monga M, Bechis SK. PMID: 37494322; PMCID: PMC10581734.

View in: PubMed Mentions:
Continuous peripheral nerve blocks for analgesia following painful ambulatory surgery: a review with focus on recent developments in infusion technology. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2023 Oct 01; 36(5):525-532. Finneran JJ, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 37552018.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Association of race and receipt of regional anesthesia for hip fracture surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2023 08; 48(8):392-398. Schaar AN, Finneran JJ, Gabriel RA. PMID: 36737100.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Wearable, noninvasive, pulsed shortwave (radiofrequency) therapy for analgesia and opioid sparing following outpatient surgery: A proof-of-concept case series. Pain Pract. 2023 06; 23(5):553-558. Ilfeld BM, Said ET, Gabriel RA, Curran BP, Swisher MW, Jacobsen GR, Wallace AM, Doucet J, Adams LM, Ventro GJ, Abdullah B, Finneran JJ. PMID: 36463434.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Preoperative Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Cryoneurolysis for the Treatment of Pain after Mastectomy: A Randomized, Participant- and Observer-masked, Sham-controlled Study. Anesthesiology. 2022 11 01; 137(5):529-542. Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ, Swisher MW, Said ET, Gabriel RA, Sztain JF, Khatibi B, Armani A, Trescot A, Donohue MC, Schaar A, Wallace AM. PMID: 35929983.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 7 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Infection of a Retained Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Lead: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2022 Nov 01; 16(11):e01626. Finneran JJ, Leek BT, Ilfeld BM, Abdullah B, Said ET. PMID: 36599038.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Percutaneous Auricular Nerve Stimulation (Neuromodulation) for Analgesia and Opioid-Sparing Following Knee and Hip Arthroplasty: A Proof-of-Concept Case Series. A A Pract. 2022 Oct 01; 16(10):e01621. Finneran JJ, Said ET, Ball ST, Cidambi KR, Abdullah B, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 36240466; PMCID: PMC9616600.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Basal Infusion versus Automated Boluses and a Delayed Start Timer for "Continuous" Sciatic Nerve Blocks after Ambulatory Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology. 2022 06 01; 136(6):970-982. Finneran JJ, Said ET, Curran BP, Swisher MW, Black JR, Gabriel RA, Sztain JF, Abramson WB, Alexander B, Donohue MC, Schaar A, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 35226724.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Percutaneous auricular nerve stimulation (neuromodulation) for the treatment of pain: A proof-of-concept case report using total joint arthroplasty as a surrogate for battlefield trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022 08 01; 93(2S Suppl 1):S165-S168. Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ, Said ET, Cidambi KR, Ball ST. PMID: 35594419; PMCID: PMC9323550.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Gen General Surgery Tra Traumatology
Translation:Humans
Regional Anesthesia and Compartment Syndrome: A Matter of Timing. Anesth Analg. 2022 04 01; 134(4):e24-e25. Finneran JJ, Schwartz AK, Gabriel RA. PMID: 35299225.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Reduction of Opioid Consumption After Outpatient Orthopaedic Trauma Surgeries Using a Multimodal Pain Protocol. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2022 Feb 01; 30(3):e327-e335. Siow MY, Mitchell BC, Vuong CL, Zanzucchi A, Finneran JJ, Girard PJ, Schwartz AK, Kent WT. PMID: 34723860.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Gen General Surgery Ort Orthopedics
Translation:Humans
Regional Anesthesia Techniques for Pain Management for Laparoscopic Surgery: a Review of the Current Literature. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2022 Jan; 26(1):33-42. Macías AA, Finneran JJ. PMID: 35084655; PMCID: PMC8792136.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5 Fields:
Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Serratus anterior plane versus paravertebral nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia after non-mastectomy breast surgery: a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2021 09; 46(9):773-778. Gabriel RA, Swisher MW, Sztain JF, Curran BP, Said ET, Abramson WB, Khatibi B, Alexander BS, Finneran JJ, Wallace AM, Armani A, Blair S, Dobke M, Suliman A, Reid C, Donohue MC, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 34158376; PMCID: PMC8380889.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 4 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Significant retraction of the sciatic nerve due to neuroma formation after above the knee amputation. Can J Anaesth. 2021 10; 68(10):1562-1563. Finneran JJ, Robles JN, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 34031807; PMCID: PMC8416821.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Cryoneurolysis and Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: Reply. Anesthesiology. 2021 05 01; 134(5):818-819. Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ. PMID: 33721910.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
In Response. A A Pract. 2021 04 01; 15(4):e01442. Finneran JJ, Furnish T, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 33793427.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Comparison of thoracic epidural hematoma visualized by computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging. Can J Anaesth. 2021 06; 68(6):918-920. Finneran JJ, Cozart B, Ilfeld BM, Said ET. PMID: 33725317; PMCID: PMC8163669.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Monitored Anesthesia Care Versus General Anesthesia as the Primary Anesthetic for Ankle Amputations. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2021 11; 35(11):3283-3287. Pool KH, Burton BN, Beletsky A, Finneran JJ, Gabriel RA. PMID: 33637421.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Car Cardiology Pul Pulmonary Medicine
Translation:Humans
Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation of the Brachial Plexus for Intractable Phantom Pain of the Upper Extremity: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2020 Dec; 14(14):e01353. Finneran JJ, Furnish T, Curran BP, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 33278086.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Cryoneurolysis and Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation to Treat Acute Pain. Anesthesiology. 2020 11 01; 133(5):1127-1149. Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ. PMID: 32898231.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 24 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Suture-catheters Compared with Traditional Catheters: Reply. Anesthesiology. 2020 10 01; 133(4):952-953. Finneran JJ, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 32773679.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Continuous Ilioinguinal Nerve Block for Treatment of Femoral Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannula Site Pain. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2021 Aug; 35(8):2458-2461. Graber TJ, Meineke M, Said ET, Finneran JJ. PMID: 32888795.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Car Cardiology Pul Pulmonary Medicine
Translation:Humans
Thoracic Paravertebral Block for Renal Colic: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2020 Jul; 14(9):e01250. Finneran JJ, Bechis SK, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 32909710.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Is there a benefit in adding local anesthetics to intrathecal opioids for patients undergoing general anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery? J Clin Anesth. 2020 11; 66:109933. Finneran JJ, Urman RD, Gabriel RA. PMID: 32593913.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
The use of continuous perineural catheters and other practices to optimize regional anesthesia in COVID-19 patients. Can J Anaesth. 2020 11; 67(11):1665-1666. Finneran JJ, Said ET, Curran BP, Gabriel RA. PMID: 32533459; PMCID: PMC7291931.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans Cells PHPublic Health
Continuous Paravertebral Nerve Block for Scapula Fracture Analgesia: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2020 Jun; 14(8):e01245. Curran BP, Phillips CR, Swisher MW, Finneran JJ. PMID: 32643910; PMCID: PMC7323821.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Cervical Lymphadenopathy Masquerading as the Interscalene View of the Brachial Plexus. Anesthesiology. 2020 05; 132(5):1236. Regnier SM, Younan LJ, Phillips CR, Finneran JJ. PMID: 31996552.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Suture-method versus Through-the-needle Catheters for Continuous Popliteal-sciatic Nerve Blocks: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology. 2020 04; 132(4):854-866. Finneran JJ, Swisher MW, Gabriel RA, Said ET, Abanobi MU, Abramson WB, Dalstrom DJ, Schwartz AK, Kent WT, Yang D, Mascha EJ, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 31996555.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Demographic and clinical factors associated with same-day discharge and unplanned readmission following shoulder arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2021 02; 74(1):30-37. Burton BN, Finneran JJ, Angerstein A, Ross E, Mitchell A, Waterman RS, Elsharydah A, Said ET, Gabriel RA. PMID: 32160738; PMCID: PMC7862930.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-Guided Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Cryoneurolysis for Analgesia in Patients With Burns. J Burn Care Res. 2020 Jan 30; 41(1):224-227. Finneran JJ, Swisher MW, Gabriel RA, Fiallo A, Hamilton JR, Lee JG, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 31714578.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3 Fields:
Tra Traumatology
Translation:Humans
Letter Regarding "Repeated Intercostal Nerve Blocks With Liposomal Bupivacaine for Chronic Chest Pain: A Case Report". A A Pract. 2020 01 15; 14(2):67. Finneran JJ, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 31770134.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Suture Catheter for Rescue Perineural Catheter Placement When Unable to Position a Conventional Through-the-Needle Catheter: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2019 Nov 01; 13(9):338-341. Finneran JJ, Gabriel RA, Swisher MW, Said E, Doan CN, Hamilton JR, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 31385816; PMCID: PMC6818995.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous intercostal cryoanalgesia for multiple weeks of analgesia following mastectomy: a case series. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2020 04; 73(2):163-168. Gabriel RA, Finneran JJ, Swisher MW, Said ET, Sztain JF, Khatibi B, Wallace AM, Hosseini A, Trescot AM, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 31475505; PMCID: PMC7113157.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 4 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Continuous Popliteal-Sciatic Blocks for Postoperative Analgesia: Traditional Proximal Catheter Insertion Superficial to the Paraneural Sheath Versus a New Distal Insertion Site Deep to the Paraneural Sheath. Anesth Analg. 2019 06; 128(6):e104-e108. Sztain JF, Finneran JJ, Monahan AM, Khatibi B, Nguyen PL, Madison SJ, Bellars RH, Gabriel RA, Ahmed SS, Schwartz AK, Kent WT, Donohue MC, Padwal JA, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 31094804.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Cryoneurolysis for Postoperative Analgesia After Limb Amputation: A Case Series. A A Pract. 2019 Apr 01; 12(7):231-234. Gabriel RA, Finneran JJ, Trescot AM, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 30234513.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 6 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation: neuromodulation of the suprascapular nerve and brachial plexus for postoperative analgesia following ambulatory rotator cuff repair. A proof-of-concept study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Mar; 44(3):310-318. Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ, Gabriel RA, Said ET, Nguyen PL, Abramson WB, Khatibi B, Sztain JF, Swisher MW, Jaeger P, Covey DC, Meunier MJ, Hentzen ER, Robertson CM. PMID: 30770421.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 15 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: Neuromodulation of the Femoral Nerve for Postoperative Analgesia Following Ambulatory Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Proof of Concept Study. Neuromodulation. 2019 Jul; 22(5):621-629. Ilfeld BM, Said ET, Finneran JJ, Sztain JF, Abramson WB, Gabriel RA, Khatibi B, Swisher MW, Jaeger P, Covey DC, Robertson CM. PMID: 30160335; PMCID: PMC6767389.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 17 Fields:
Neu Neurology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: Neuromodulation of the Sciatic Nerve for Postoperative Analgesia Following Ambulatory Foot Surgery, a Proof-of-Concept Study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018 Aug; 43(6):580-589. Ilfeld BM, Gabriel RA, Said ET, Monahan AM, Sztain JF, Abramson WB, Khatibi B, Finneran JJ, Jaeger PT, Schwartz AK, Ahmed SS. PMID: 29905630; PMCID: PMC6092098.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 15 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Proximal Versus Distal Continuous Adductor Canal Blocks: Does Varying Perineural Catheter Location Influence Analgesia? A Randomized, Subject-Masked, Controlled Clinical Trial. Anesth Analg. 2018 07; 127(1):240-246. Sztain JF, Khatibi B, Monahan AM, Said ET, Abramson WB, Gabriel RA, Finneran JJ, Bellars RH, Nguyen PL, Ball ST, Gonzales FB, Ahmed SS, Donohue MC, Padwal JA, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 29750695.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 8 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound Evaluation Rules Out a Suspected Hematoma After Continuous Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018 07; 43(5):562-563. Paulick M, Ilfeld BM, Finneran JJ. PMID: 29927853.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 1 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-Guided Posterior Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve Block: Technical Description and Block Distribution in Healthy Volunteers. J Ultrasound Med. 2019 Jan; 38(1):239-242. Finneran JJ, Sandhu N. PMID: 29732596.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Dia Diagnostic Imaging
Translation:Humans
Erector Spinae Plane Blocks Provide Analgesia for Breast and Axillary Surgery: A Series of 3 Cases. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018 01; 43(1):101-102. Finneran JJ, Gabriel RA, Khatibi B. PMID: 29261601.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 16 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology Neu Neurology Psy Psychophysiology
Translation:Humans
Continuous Interscalene Block for Postoperative Analgesia and Shoulder Immobilization After Pectoralis Major Tendon Reinsertion: A Case Report. A A Case Rep. 2017 Sep 15; 9(6):175-177. Finneran JJ, Ilfeld BM, Sztain JF. PMID: 28542052.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Cryoneurolysis for Acute Pain Management: A Case Report. A A Case Rep. 2017 Sep 01; 9(5):129-132. Gabriel RA, Finneran JJ, Asokan D, Trescot AM, Sandhu NS, Ilfeld BM. PMID: 28509777.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 7 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Exchanging a King Laryngeal Tube™ for an endotracheal tube using a fibreoptic bronchoscope-Aintree catheter combination in a known difficult airway. Can J Anaesth. 2017 Mar; 64(3):337-338. Hollingsworth JG, Herway ST, Benumof JL, Finneran J. PMID: 27900671.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 2 Fields:
Ane Anesthesiology
Translation:Humans
Quantification of partial or complete A4 pulley release with FDP repair in cadaveric tendons. J Hand Surg Am. 2011 Mar; 36(3):439-45. Franko OI, Lee NM, Finneran JJ, Shillito MC, Meunier MJ, Abrams RA, Lieber RL. PMID: 21306835; PMCID: PMC3056482.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 5 Fields:
Gen General Surgery Tra Traumatology
Translation:Humans
Mechanical feasibility of immediate mobilization of the brachioradialis muscle after tendon transfer. J Hand Surg Am. 2010 Sep; 35(9):1473-8. Fridén J, Shillito MC, Chehab EF, Finneran JJ, Ward SR, Lieber RL. PMID: 20709465; PMCID: PMC2947370.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 3 Fields:
Gen General Surgery Tra Traumatology
Translation:Humans
The effect of rotator cuff tear size on shoulder strength and range of motion. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005 Mar; 35(3):130-5. McCabe RA, Nicholas SJ, Montgomery KD, Finneran JJ, McHugh MP. PMID: 15839306.

View in: PubMed Mentions: 20 Fields:
Ort Orthopedics Phy Physical and Rehabilitation Me Spo Sports Medicine
Translation:Humans
Source levels and estimated yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) detection ranges for dolphin jaw pops, breaches, and tail slaps. J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Jan; 107(1):649-56. Finneran JJ, Oliver CW, Schaefer KM, Ridgway SH. PMID: 10641673.

View in: PubMed Mentions: Fields:
Aud Audiology Spe Speech-Language Pathology
Translation:Animals